17.Plants can't communicate by moving or making sounds,as most animals do.Instead,plants
Produce volatile compounds,chemicals that easily change from a liquid to a gas.A flower's sweet
smell,for example,comes from volatile compounds that the plant produces to attract insects such as
Bugs and bees.
Plants can also detect volatile compounds produced by other plants.A tree under attack by
Hungry insets,for instance,may give off volatile compounds that let other trees know about the
Attack.In response,the other trees may send off chemicals to keep the bugs away----or even
Chemicals that attract the bugs'natural enemies.
Now scientists have created a quick way to understand what plants are saying:a chemical
Sensor(傳感器)called an electronic nose.The"e-nose"can tell compounds that crop plants make
When they're attacked Scientists say the e-nose could help quickly detect whether plants are being
Eaten by insects.But today the only way to detect such insects is to visually inspect individual
Plants.This is a challenging task for managers of greenhouses,enclosed gardens than can house
Thousands of plants.
The research team worked with an e-nose than recognizes volatile compounds.Inside the
device,13sensors chemically react with volatile compounds Based on these interactions,the
e-nose gives off electronic signals that the scientists analyze using computer software.
To test the nose,the team presented it with healthy leaves from cucumber,pepper and tomato
plants,all common greenhouse crops.Then scientists collected samples of air around damaged
leaves from each type of crop,These plants had been damaged by insects,or by scientists who made
holes in the leaves with a hole punch(打孔器).
The e-nose,it turns out,could identify healthy cucumber,pepper and tomato plants based on
The volatile compounds they produce,It could also identify tomato leaves that had been damaged.
But even more impressive,the device could tell which type of damage----by insects or with a hole
Punch----had been done to the tomato leaves.
With some fine-tuning,a device like the e-nose could one day be used in greenhouses to quickly spot harmful bugs,the researchers say.A device like this could also be used to identify fruits that are perfectly ripe and ready to pick and eat,says Natalia Dudareva,a biochemist at Purdue University in West Lafayette,Ind.who studies smells of flowers and plants.Hopefully,scientists believe,the device could bring large benefits to greenhouse managers in the near future.
49.We learn from the text that plants communicate with each other byC.
A.making some sounds
B.waving their leaves
C.producing some chemicals
D.sending out electronic signals
50.What did the scientists do to find out if the e-nose worked?D
A.They presented it with all common crops.
B.They fixed 13sensors inside the device.
C.They collected different damaged leaves.
D.They made tests on damaged and healthy leaves.
51.According to the writer,the most amazing thing about the e-nose is that it canC.
A.pick out ripe fruits
B.spot the insects quickly
C.distinguish different damages to the leaves
D.recognize unhealthy tomato leaves
52.We can infer from the last paragraph that the e-noseB.
A.is unable to tell the smell of flowers
B.is not yet used in greenhouses
C.is designed by scientists at Purdue
D.is helpful in killing harmful insects.
分析 本文主要講述了植物不能通過(guò)移動(dòng)或發(fā)出聲音像大多數(shù)動(dòng)物一樣交流.科學(xué)家找到了其他植物相互交流的方法.
解答 49.C 推理判斷題.從句中"Plants can't communicate by moving or making sounds,as most animals do.Instead,plants produce volatile compounds,chemicals that easily chasse from a liquid to a gas",植物不能通過(guò)移動(dòng)或發(fā)出聲音像大多數(shù)動(dòng)物一樣交流.相反,植物產(chǎn)生揮發(fā)性化合物,化學(xué)物質(zhì)容易從液體變?yōu)闅怏w.可知選C.
50.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題.從文章倒數(shù)第三段To test the nose,the team presented it with healthy leaves from cucumber,pepper and tomato plants,all common greenhouse crops.為了測(cè)試這個(gè)電子鼻子的有效性研究團(tuán)隊(duì)對(duì)各種植物的葉子進(jìn)行了測(cè)試,可以找到答案D.
51.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題.由倒數(shù)第二段"But even more impressive,the device could tell which type of damage-by insects or with a hole punch-had been done to the tomato leaves."讓人印象非常深刻的是,這個(gè)設(shè)備可以告訴你這個(gè)樹(shù)葉是因?yàn)槭裁丛蚨癄的.可知答案C.
52.B推理判斷題.由"With some fine tuning,a device like the e-nose could one day be used in greenhouses to quickly ….,該設(shè)備未來(lái)某一天可能會(huì)運(yùn)用于溫室作物,one day是關(guān)鍵,可推斷選B.
點(diǎn)評(píng) 本文是廣告布告類(lèi)閱讀理解.做這類(lèi)題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍,做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析,結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案.推理判斷題也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案,切忌胡亂猜測(cè),一定要做到有理有據(jù).