遞等式計算(能簡便的用簡便方法).
12.5×(0.7×0.8)70.8-0.8×0.5 13-3.79+6.21
12.5×(40+0.7)4.12-1.78-1.22 4.2÷0.7÷6.
解:(1)12.5×(0.7×0.8),
=12.5×0.8×0.7,
=10×0.7,
=7;
(2)70.8-0.8×0.5,
=70.8-0.4,
=70.4;
(3)13-3.79+6.21,
=9.21+6.21,
=15.42;
(4)12.5×(40+0.7),
=12.5×8×5+12.5×0.7,
=500+8.75,
=508.75;
(5)4.12-1.78-1.22,
=4.12-(1.78+1.22),
=4.12-3,
=1.12;
(6)4.2÷0.7÷6,
=4.2÷(0.7×6),
=4.2÷4.2,
=1.
分析:(1)去括號,利用乘法交換律和結(jié)合律進行簡算;
(2)按運算順序進行計算,不要先算成70.8-0.8;
(3)不能簡算,按運算順序進行計算;
(4)去括號后,把40拆成8×5,與12.5進行簡算;
(5)利用減法的性質(zhì),把原式變?yōu)?.12-(1.78+1.22);
(6)利用除法的性質(zhì)簡算.
點評:此題主要考查對四則運算的靈活性,要做到計算靈活就要熟練地掌握四則運算的法則、定律以及運算性質(zhì).