分詞 1)分詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài): ①分詞分為現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞.現(xiàn)在分詞有一般時和完成時.一般時表示和謂語動詞所表示的動詞同時發(fā)生的動作,完成時表示在謂語動詞所表示的動作之前發(fā)生的動作.例如: Being a student,he was interested in books. He hurried home,looking behind him as he went. Having studied in the university for 3 years,he knows the place very well. ②現(xiàn)在分詞有一般時和完成時.且有主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài).當(dāng)句子的主語是分詞動作的承受者時.分詞用被動語態(tài).如果要強調(diào)分詞的動作先于謂語動作.就用分詞完成時的被動形式.例如: The question being discussed is of great importance.Having been criticized by the teacher,Li Ming gave up smoking. 過去分詞表示在謂語動詞之前發(fā)生的動作.本身有被動的含義.所以只有一般式.沒有完成時. 2)分詞的用法: ①作定語.分詞短語作定語時.放在被修飾的名詞之后,單個分詞作定語時.放在被修飾的名詞之前.例如: China is a developing country.The man standing at the window is our teacher.Polluted air and water are harmful to people’s health. 注意:現(xiàn)在分詞作定語時.表示動作正在進(jìn)行或與謂語動詞所表示的動作幾乎同時發(fā)生. 如果兩個動作有先有后.一般不能用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語.而要用定語從句.例如: The teacher criticized the student who had broken the window. ②作狀語:分詞或分詞短語作狀語時.可以表示時間.原因.結(jié)果.條件.讓步.行為方式.伴隨狀況等.例如: Being too old ,he couldn’t walk that far. While reading the book,he nodded from time to time. The teacher stood there surrounded by the students. Standing on the building,you can see the whole city. 注意:a.分詞短語作狀語.其邏輯主語須與句子的主語一致.b.表示時間關(guān)系的分詞短語有時可由連接詞while或when引導(dǎo).c.有時.“with+名詞+分詞 的結(jié)構(gòu)表示伴隨情況.例如: The spy sat on the ground,his hands tied behind his back. d.當(dāng)分詞的邏輯主語與主句的主語不同時.分詞必須有自己的主語.例如: Time permitting,I will finish another lesson.Her glasses broken,she couldn’t see the words on the blackboard. ③作表語.例如: The new’s inspiring.You shouldn’t try to stand up if you are badly hurt. ④作賓語補足語.例如: We saw the teacher making the experiment.John will get his room painted. 注意:在see,hear,watch,feel,observe,have,listen to,notice等動詞后.既可以用現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語.也可以用不定式構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語.但兩者的含義是有差別的.用現(xiàn)在分詞表示動作正在發(fā)生(即處于發(fā)生的過程中.還沒有結(jié)束).用不定式表示動作發(fā)生了.例如: I saw the girl getting on the bus. I saw the girl get on the bus and drive off. He had his foot hurt in the fall.He had his clothes washed. We had the fire burning all day. 注意:“have +賓語+現(xiàn)在分詞 表示主體使客體處于某種狀態(tài)或干什么事,“have+賓語+過去分詞 表示動作是別人做的或與主體意志無關(guān). 3)過去分詞.現(xiàn)在分詞一般被動式及完成被動式作狀語時的比較: ①過去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞一般被動式作狀語表示伴隨動作或行為方式時.兩者無多大區(qū)別.習(xí)慣上常用過去分詞.例如: Seized with a sudden fear,she gave a scream. He came in,followed by a group of students. 在某些情況下.二者則是有區(qū)別的.例如: Badly polluted ,the water cannot be drunk. Being written in haste,the composition is full of mistakes.(原因.強調(diào)寫的過程.故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞一般被動式) ②過去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞完成被動式皆表示已完成的動作.在意義上無多大區(qū)別.例如: weakened by storms.the bridge was no longer safe.但有時是有區(qū)別的.例如: Having been desertedby his guide,he couldn’t find his way through the jungle.. Asked to stay,I couldn’t very well refuse.(這里asked可能意味著having been asked,也可能意味著when/since I was asked.但若用having been asked.就不會有歧義)下面句子中過去分詞表示的時間與謂語動詞所表示的時間相同.所以不能代之以強調(diào)先于謂語動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞完成被動式.例如: Covered with confusion,I left the room.我很窘地離開了房間. United,we stand;divided,we fall.團(tuán)結(jié)則存.分裂則亡. ③有時現(xiàn)在分詞一般時的被動式與其完成時的被動式完全同義.皆表示已完成的動作.這時用一般時的被動時較好.例如: Being surrounded (Having been surrounded),the enemy troops were forced to surrender. 4)過去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞意義上的區(qū)別:及物動詞的過去分詞表示“被動.完成 (不及物動詞的過去分詞只表示“完成 ).現(xiàn)在分詞表示“主動.進(jìn)行 .動作動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞所描寫的常是一種“動態(tài) 情景,其過去分詞所描寫的往往是一種靜態(tài)情景.表示動作發(fā)生后事物所處的狀態(tài).試看下面的例子: When the autumn wind blows,you can see yellow leaves falling off trees. He fell onto the fallen leaves inches thick and didn’t hurt himself There stands a pine tree,covering the entrance of the cave. We found his forehead covered with sweat. ●殲滅難點訓(xùn)練 查看更多

 

題目列表(包括答案和解析)

記敘文(日記)

時態(tài):一般過去時

人稱:第二人稱

語法:并列

日記2008年元月18日下午3點你校在學(xué)校禮堂舉行了成人宣誓儀式。請以日記的方式記錄儀式過程并談?wù)勛约旱母邢耄?/P>

參考詞匯:成人儀式a grown-up ceremony 宣誓make an oath

寫作內(nèi)容

1.舉行儀式的時間、地點;

2.表格中的內(nèi)容;

3.你自己的感想。

寫作要求

1.必須扣緊題目的要求,用5個規(guī)范的英語句子組織成連貫的文章

2.組織成連貫的短文,開頭已經(jīng)寫好,不計入總句子數(shù)

  評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

  1.句子結(jié)構(gòu)的準(zhǔn)確性和復(fù)雜度

  2.短文內(nèi)容的完整性和連貫性

   January 18th Friday           Fine

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書面表達(dá)(滿分20分)

下圖描繪的是現(xiàn)在人類面臨的窘境。請你根據(jù)對下面這幅畫的理解用英語寫一篇短文,描述這種現(xiàn)象,說明其產(chǎn)生的原因及后果,并發(fā)表你的看法。

參考詞匯: 經(jīng)濟(jì)(n):economy

環(huán)境(n): environment,

環(huán)境保護(hù):environmental protection

詞數(shù)150左右。開頭已經(jīng)寫好,不計入總詞數(shù)。

提示:

1.簡要描述圖片,闡述這種現(xiàn)象。

2.分析說明產(chǎn)生這種現(xiàn)象的原因及后果。

3.談?wù)勀銓撤淠疽约碍h(huán)境保護(hù)的看法。

4.仔細(xì)品味圖中的幽默,適當(dāng)發(fā)揮想象。

5.注意人稱,時態(tài)和段落。不得提及所在學(xué)校和本人姓名。

    Nowadays, human beings are faced with an embarrassing situation.                 

As can be seen from the cartoon,                                                                       

                                                                        

                                                                         

                                                                        

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書面表達(dá)(滿分25分)。請將答案寫在答題紙上的相應(yīng)位置。
某大學(xué)教授稱,高學(xué)歷者的貧窮意味著恥辱和失敗,并對大學(xué)生提出要求,“當(dāng)你40歲時,沒有4000萬身價不要來見我,也別說是我的學(xué)生!睂Υ耍P凰網(wǎng)進(jìn)行了調(diào)查。多數(shù)人持反對態(tài)度,認(rèn)為教師不應(yīng)用金錢來衡量學(xué)生。有少數(shù)人則認(rèn)為這是一種激勵。還有極少數(shù)人說不清楚。請你根據(jù)漫畫并結(jié)合餅狀圖(pie chart)用英語寫一篇短文。
注意:
1.適當(dāng)?shù)匕l(fā)揮想象,增添細(xì)節(jié)使行文連貫;
2.字?jǐn)?shù)150左右;
3.文章開頭已給出,不記入總詞數(shù);
4.作文中不得提及考生所在學(xué)校和本人姓名。

A survey has been conducted by ifeng.com about whether a teacher should judge his students’ success by the money they have earned.
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_____________________________________________________________________________

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書面表達(dá)(滿分20分)
下圖描繪的是現(xiàn)在人類面臨的窘境。請你根據(jù)對下面這幅畫的理解用英語寫一篇短文,描述這種現(xiàn)象,說明其產(chǎn)生的原因及后果,并發(fā)表你的看法。

參考詞匯: 經(jīng)濟(jì)(n):economy
環(huán)境(n): environment,
環(huán)境保護(hù):environmental protection
詞數(shù)150左右。開頭已經(jīng)寫好,不計入總詞數(shù)。
提示:
1.簡要描述圖片,闡述這種現(xiàn)象。
2.分析說明產(chǎn)生這種現(xiàn)象的原因及后果。
3.談?wù)勀銓撤淠疽约碍h(huán)境保護(hù)的看法。
4.仔細(xì)品味圖中的幽默,適當(dāng)發(fā)揮想象。
5.注意人稱,時態(tài)和段落。不得提及所在學(xué)校和本人姓名。
Nowadays, human beings are faced with an embarrassing situation.                
As can be seen from the cartoon,                                                                       
                                                                        
                                                                        
                                                                        

查看答案和解析>>

書面表達(dá)(滿分20分)

下圖描繪的是現(xiàn)在人類面臨的窘境。請你根據(jù)對下面這幅畫的理解用英語寫一篇短文,描述這種現(xiàn)象,說明其產(chǎn)生的原因及后果,并發(fā)表你的看法。

 

參考詞匯: 經(jīng)濟(jì)(n):economy

環(huán)境(n): environment,

環(huán)境保護(hù):environmental protection

詞數(shù)150左右。開頭已經(jīng)寫好,不計入總詞數(shù)。

提示:

1.簡要描述圖片,闡述這種現(xiàn)象。

2.分析說明產(chǎn)生這種現(xiàn)象的原因及后果。

3.談?wù)勀銓撤淠疽约碍h(huán)境保護(hù)的看法。

4.仔細(xì)品味圖中的幽默,適當(dāng)發(fā)揮想象。

5.注意人稱,時態(tài)和段落。不得提及所在學(xué)校和本人姓名。

    Nowadays, human beings are faced with an embarrassing situation.                 

As can be seen from the cartoon,                                                                       

                                                                        

                                                                         

                                                                        

 

 

查看答案和解析>>


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