閱讀理解 　　Humans have a答案解析

閱讀理解

　　At the moment, it may be difficult to imagine, but many people believe that, by the year 2100, we will live on the planet Mars．Our own planet, Earth, is becoming more and more crowed and polluted．Luckily, we can start again and build a better world on Mars．Here is what life could be like．

　　First of all, transport shouldnbe much better．At present, our spaceships are too slow to carry large numbers of people to Mars－it takes months．However, by 2100, spaceship can travel at half the speed of ligh．It might take us two or three days to get to Mars!

　　Secondly, humans need food, water and air to live．Scientists should be able to develop plants that can be grown on Mars．These plants will produce the food and air that we need．However, can these plants produce water for us? There is no answer now．

　　There is a problem for us to live on Mars．Mars pukkss us much less than the Earth does．This will be dangerous because we could easily jump too high and fly slowly away into space．To prevent this, humans on Mars have to wear special shoes to make themselves heavier．

　　Life on Mars will be better than that on Earth in many ways, People will have more space．Living in a large building with only 10 bedrooms is highly possible．Many people believe that robot will do most of our work, so we have more time for our hobbies．

　　There will probably be no school on Mars．Every studetn will have a computer at home which is connected to the internet．They can study, do their homework and take exams in online schools．Each student will also have their own online teacher called“e-teacher”．

　　However, in some ways, life on Mars may not be better than that on the earth today．Food will not be the same－meals will probably be in the form of pills and will not be as delicious as they are today, Also, space travel will make many people feel ill．The spaceship will travel fast but the journey to Mars will probably be very uncomfortable．

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閱讀理解

　　You are probably familiar with the saying：An apple a day keeps the doctor away．A recent research carried out by the Chinese University of Hong Kong may change the saying：

　　An apple a day may keep aging away．

　　The research chose fruit flies(果蠅), as they share many genes(基因)with humans．The fruit flies were either fed normally or had an apple extract(濃縮物)added to their diet．

　　It turned out that those fruit flies that were given apple extract lived about 55 days－five days longer than the flies that were normally fed．The research group also found it easier for the flies to walk，climb and move about as they aged．

　　According to the result, the researchers believed that the antioxidants(抗氧化劑)in the apple extract helped clean up dangerous chemicals(化學(xué)物質(zhì))that cause illnesses，as well as aging．

　　In another study，researchers examined diets of thousands of women．They discovered that those who regularly ate apples were 20 percent less likely to suffer heart illnesses and stroke．

　　The apples’ genetic code(遺傳密碼)was discovered recently．It allows scientists to develop nicer and healthier fruits．Researchers are already using the information to grow a kind of apples full of antioxidants that can keep eyes and joints healthy and protect humans against heart illnesses and cancer．

　　Apples that kill the desire(欲望)to eat could also be produced, with the first “extra-healthy’’ apples on supermarket shelves within just four or five years．

　　The team that keeps studying apple DNA includes 100 scientists from five countries．Their research also suggests that around 65 million years ago, when dinosaurs began to die off the plant，which would finally become today’s apple tree, experienced a great genetic change．The number of many of its genes doubled．The extra genes allowed the apple to get used to worse conditions and go through a different development from peaches，strawberries and other related fruits．

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閱讀理解

　　First it was an earthquake．Then came a terrible tsunami．These natural disasters killed thousands of people in Japan on Mar．11, 2011．Then a nuclear crisis(核危機(jī))put the island in danger and shocked the world．

　　Damaged by the earthquake and tsunami, Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant(福島第一核電站)has put out dangerous radioactive(放射性的)materials．Experts from several countries are working to control the crisis．

　　Although the reports say the leak so far will not cause huge health problems, people are worrying about nuclear safety．Switzerland has stopped plans to build new nuclear plants．Germany raised questions about its nuclear future．

　　As for China, the government has suspended approving(暫停審批)new nuclear power stations and stepped up safety checks at existing plants, Xinhua reported．But it is reported that all nuclear power stations in China are safe．

　　A nuclear power plant creates electricity．It is a clean energy source．In 1954, the world's first nuclear power plant was built in Russia．From then on, nuclear power has been widely used．

　　But nuclear power plants have hidden problems．If radioactive materials get into the air or water, they can pollute soil and plants and harm humans and animals．Nuclear accidents, such as the Chernobyl(切爾諾貝利)disaster in 1986 in the Ukraine, have caused great damage to the nearby people and the environment．

　　Will there be another choice for energy that we can use in the future? In recent years, scientists have found ways to make electricity from sunshine, wind and garbage．

　　Some scientists say hydrogen(氫氣)may be used to create power．Hydrogen is a clean resource to use, and will never disappear．Some car companies have already developed cars powered by hydrogen．But still, the technology for its production is only in early stages of development．

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閱讀理解

　　Two American scientists told the people in industrial nations that they would be much healthier if they ate more of the same kind of foods eaten by humans living more than 10,000 years ago．

　　The scientists say that the human body has changed very little since human first appeared on earth, but the way we live has changed greatly．Our body has not been able to deal with these changes in life style and this has led to new kinds of sicknesses．These new sicknesses were not known in ancient times．So they are called “diseases of civilization(文明)”．Many cancers and diseases of the blood system, including heart attacks and strokes(中風(fēng))are examples of such diseases．

　　Scientists noted that early stone-age people used very little alcohol(酒精)or tobacco, probably none．Ancient people also got a great deal of physical exercise, but a change in food is one of the main differences between life in ancient times and life today．Stone-age people hunted wild animals for their meat, which had much less fat than farm animals．They also ate a lot of fresh wild vegetables, and fruits．They did not use milk and other dairy products, and they made very little use of grains．But today, we eat a large amount of dairy products and grain foods．We eat six times more salt than stone-age people．We eat more sugar．We eat twice as much fat but only one third as much protein(蛋白質(zhì))and much less vitamin C．

　　People today probably do not want to live as people thousands of years ago did, but scientists say that we would be much healthier if we ate as those ancient people did, cutting the amount of fatty, salty and sweet foods．

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閱讀理解

　　In most situations, light helps us see．But nowadays humans are using too much of it so that it is in fact a kind of pollution．

　　When it comes to looking at the night sky, too much light makes it difficult for us to watch some of life’s most wonderful sights： stars, planets and even galaxies(星系)．

　　According to scientific research, about 2,500 stars can be seen by the human eye without using any special equipment(設(shè)備)．But because of light pollution, you can only see 200 to 300 stars from today’s countryside, and no more than ten stars from a city．In most big cities, people cannot see the sky filled with stars like they did in their childhood．

　　Light pollution affects more than just our view of sky．Research shows that lots of nighttime light can harm wildlife, too．

　　When birds fly to another place over cities, they sometimes get lost by the brightness and fly in circles(圈)until they drop from tiredness．Sea turtles(海龜)need dark beaches for laying eggs, but they can’t find their ideal places because of those bright lights．

　　Too much light at night may even affect human health, but scientists are not sure of that．They are still learning more．

　　In order to prevent things from going worse, governments and some organizations are working to reduce light pollution．Many cities and towns have taken action to reduce the use of lights at night．Lights are used only when and where they are truly needed．They also shine lights down at the ground instead of up into the sky and use lower brightness levels．

　　Hopefully, in the near future, humans can enjoy the clear and beautiful sky again and all the wildlife will live a peaceful and undisturbed life, too．

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