高考英語陷阱題總匯(共869題,均附詳解)
基礎題,人人會做,顯不出優(yōu)勢;高難題,人人不會做,拉不開距離;陷阱題,表面看起來很容易,所需知識也不一定很難,但其中隱含機關,預設陷阱,盡管你完全具備做好此類題的知識和能力,但由于你理解角度不對、分析思路不活、做題方法不當、使用技法不巧等,可能自認為撿了個大便宜,而實際上卻剛好掉入了命題人為你精心準備的陷阱。不信你就看看下面幾道題:
1. She was so angry and spoke so fast that none of us understood _______ he said meant.
A. that B. what
C. that that D. what what
仔細想想看,選A還是選B?請給出你的決定――未作決定之前請不要往后看!你的分析可能是這樣的:
選項C和D 不太可能是正確答案,因為像這樣兩個“引導詞”疊用的情況一般不可能。在A和B兩個選項中,選項A肯定不行,因為它引導賓語從句時不能充當句子成分,所以只能選B了。
事實是:如果你選A,肯定錯了;如果你選B,那也錯了。此題最佳答案是 D,其中第一個what 用作動詞 meant 的賓語,第二個what 用作動詞 said 的賓語,即在 none of us understood what what he said meant 中,none of us understood 為主句,what what he said meant 為賓語從句,而在此賓語從句中又包括有 what he said 這樣一個主語從句。假若去掉句末的meant,則答案就是B了。
分析有道理嗎?有點啟發(fā)嗎?你可要客觀地評價噢!請再看一題:
2. Everyone knows that _______ is dangerous to play with fire, but _______ is difficult is to prevent children from playing with fire.
A. it, it B. what, what
C. it, what D. what, it
這次可要想好!請拿定主意,選C還是選D?未作決定之前請不要往后看!你的分析可能是這樣的:
此題既不選C,也不選D,而是選A。因為兩處的空格均填形式主語it。
事實上,你又錯了。此題的最佳答案是C:第一空填形式主語,真正的主語是其后的不定式 to play with fire;而第二空應填 what,what is difficult 是主語從句,注意 what is difficult 后的謂語動詞 is。有點收獲吧,再請做做以下類似試題:
(1) I know ______ is important to know my own limitations, but _______ is difficult is to help others to know their own limitations.
A. it, it B. what, what
C. it, what D. what, it
(2) Yes, ______ is difficult to find a job nowadays, but _____ is more difficult is try to find such a job with a high salary but little things to do.
A. it, it B. what, what
C. it, what D. what, it
答案選什么,估計你不會選錯了,你若還不放心,請往本書后面有關去找找,那里有明確的答案。對此有興趣嗎?那就再看一題吧!
3. Let’s make it at
A. you’re convenient B. it is convenient for you
C. you feel convenient D. it is convenient with you
先仔細想好,看選項A和C哪個更佳,當然也可能A和C都不對,答案在B、D當中。不過,主意你自己拿。我猜你的答案不是A就可能是C,因為你可能將漢語中的“如果你方便的話”直譯為 if you are convenient 或 if you feel convenient了。
其實最佳答案是B,因為英語中的 convenient不是表示“感到方便的”,而是表示“使人感到方便的”,所以 be convenient 的主語通常不能是“人”。要表示“如果你方便的話”,英語通常 if it is convenient for [to] you,其中的介詞可用 for 或 to,但一般不用 with。順便說一句,偶爾也可見到用人或物作 be convenient的主語,但此時的句子必須具備這樣的特點:句子主語是其后不定式的邏輯賓語,如:
Mary is convenient to see on Sunday. / It is convenient to see Mary on Sunday. 星期天去見瑪麗較為方便。
The furniture is convenient to move. / It is convenient to move the furniture. 這家具搬起來很方便。
怎么樣,再看最后一題:
4. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around ______ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?”
A. that B. which
C. where D. what
此題該選哪個答案?你可能毫不猶豫地選了B,是嗎?你的想法很可能是:around 是介詞,選 which 用以代替前面的名詞 hospital,在此用作介詞 around 的賓語。
對不起,還是錯了。最佳答案應是C。你的分析并不算太錯,但問題是,照你的分析,此句的意思便是:有沒有這樣一家醫(yī)院,我在它的附近可以買藥治我的手傷?這樣的語境顯然有點不合情理,因為人們通常是在醫(yī)院里面治傷,而不是在醫(yī)院附近治傷。此題選 C 的理由是:句中的 around 不是介詞,而是副詞,意為“在附近”;其后的 where 引導定語從句用以修飾其前的地點名詞 hospital,句意為:附近有沒有一家醫(yī)院,我可以去治我的手傷?
類似的例子我們就不再羅列了,您若對此有興趣,您若覺得您在這方面還比較薄弱,您若覺得這些知識對您還有必要,請繼續(xù)往下讀,后面的內(nèi)容會更豐富、更精彩。當然,您若對此沒有興趣,或者您已是這方面的高手,建議您最好別看了,耽誤了您不少時間,實在抱歉!
冠詞考點
◆典型陷阱題分析◆
1. “Do you know ______ English for ‘帥哥’?” “I’m afraid I don’t. I’m not interested in _______ English language.”
A. the, the B. the, 不填
C. 不填, the D. 不填, 不填
【陷阱】容易誤選D,因為表示語言的名詞前通常不用冠詞。
【分析】最佳答案為A。在英語中,表示語言的名詞前通常不用冠詞,但在某些特殊情況下可用冠詞。如:
(1) 當語言名詞表特指意義,其前可用定冠詞。如:
The English spoken in
(2) 當語言名詞表示某一語言中的對應詞時,其前要用定冠詞。如:
What’s the English for this? 這個東西用英語怎么說?
(3) 當在語言名詞后加上 language一詞時,也要用冠詞。如:
There have been many changes in the history of the English language. 英語發(fā)展過程中有很多變革。
2. I couldn’t remember the exact date of the storm, but I knew it was ______ Sunday because everybody was at ______ church.
A. a, the B. a, 不填
C. 不填, a D. 不填, 不填
【陷阱】容易誤選D,因為星期名詞前不加冠詞;而 at church 表示在教堂里做禮拜,其中也不用冠詞。
【分析】最佳答案為B。確實,在通常情況下星期名詞前不用冠詞,但在某些特殊情況下還是可以用冠詞的,如表示特指,其前可用定冠詞;表示“某一個”或受描繪性定語修飾表示“某種”這樣的意義等,其前可用不定冠詞。如:
He came on the Sunday and went away on the Monday. 他星期日來,星期一就走了。
My birthday happened to be on a Saturday. 我的生日碰巧是星期六。
3. Which person do you refer to, the one with ______ long hair or the one with _______ long beard?
A. a, a B. 不填,不填
C. a, 不填 D. 不填,a
【陷阱】誤選A或B,認為hair(頭發(fā))和beard(胡須)性質(zhì)和用法應該差不多,要么都可數(shù),要么都不可數(shù),或者說要么都用不定冠詞,要么都不用。
【分析】最佳答案選D。hair 和 beard 在用法上并不完全相同:hair 可用作可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞,用作可數(shù)名詞時,指一根一根的毛發(fā)或頭發(fā),如說 There’s a hair in my soup (我的湯里有根頭發(fā));用作不可數(shù)名詞(集合名詞)時,則是整體地指一個人的頭發(fā)。比較:
He has gray hairs. 他有幾根白發(fā)了。
He has gray hair. 他滿頭白發(fā)了。
而beard 則通常只用作可數(shù)名詞,且指的是一個人所有的胡須,而不是指一根胡須,它的復數(shù)形式,通常是指多個人的胡須,而不是指多根胡須,如:
He no longer wears a beard. 他不再留胡須。
Not all men grow beards. 并不是所有的男人都留胡須。
4. I once watched _______ one-act play, which was played by _______ 11-year-old boy.
A. a, a B. an, an
C. a, an D. an, a
【陷阱】幾個干擾均有可能誤選。
【分析】最佳答案填C。第一空填 a,因為 one-act 的讀音是][,它的第一個音是輔音不是元音;第二空填an,是因為 11的英文是 ]eleven[,它的第一個音是元音不是輔音。類似以下各題的答案是 C 不是其他:
(1) Before he was arrested, he had taken _______ one-month holiday, and stayed in the country with ________ 18-year-old girl, one of his students.
A. a, a B. an, an
C. a, an D. an, a
(2) We hired _______ one-eyed man to play in our film, and we gave him _______ 100-pound check for just one minute.
A. a, an B. an, a
C. a, a D. an, an
5. “Have you seen _____ pen? I left it here this morning.” “Is it _____ black one? I think I saw it somewhere.”
A. a, the B. the, the
C. a, a D. the, a
【陷阱】誤選A,生搬硬套冠詞用法規(guī)則:第一次提到某人或某事物用不定冠詞,第二次再提到該人或該事物時用定冠詞。
【分析】最佳答案為C。第一空填a,比較好理解;而第二空填a是因為此句中的one 并非指前面提到的 pen,即這里的 one 與前面的 pen 并非同一事物,這從后面一句的 I think I saw it somewhere 可以清楚地知道。請比較下面一題:
“Have you seen _____ pen? I left it here this morning.” “Is it _____ black one? I found it in the corner.”
A. a, the B. the, the
C. a, a D. the, a
此題的最佳答案是 A不是C。請注意其后 I found it in the corner這一信息,它表明說明者是拿著筆在與對方說話。請再看一個類似的例子:
“Have you seen _______ new bike? I put it here just now.” “Is it _______ white one? A boy has ridden it away.”
A. a; a B. a; the
C. the; the D. the; a
此題答案選A,注意其后的 A boy has ridden it away 表明自行車已不在說話者身旁。
6. My friend Mary is _____ beautiful girl and _____ girl everyone likes to work with.
A. a, a B. a, the
C. the, a D. the, the
【陷阱】很容易誤選B,認為第一次提到 girl 用不定冠詞,第二次提到就應該用定冠詞。
【分析】最佳答案為A。句中第二次提到 girl 時并不是特指的,此句實為一省略句,補充完整為 My friend Mary is a beautiful girl and she is a girl everyone likes to work with. 請再做以下試題(答案選A):
(1) Jim is _______ brave boy and _______ boy never fearing anything.
A. a, a B. a, the
C. the, a D. the, the
(2) It is really _______ useful dictionary and _______ dictionary every one of us needs.
A. a, a B. a, the
C. the, a D. the, the
◆精編陷阱題訓練◆
1. Since tasting the excitement of _____ big city life, she never wants to live in _____ country again.
A. the, the B. 不填,不填
C. the, 不填 D. 不填,the
2. The operation is _____ success and the patient is now out of _____ danger.
A. a, the B. a, 不填
C. 不填, the D. 不填,不填
3. As _____ writer, he was _____ complete failure.
A. a, a B. a, the
C. 不填,不填 D. a, 不填
4. How strange! These years my birthday always falls _____.
A. on the Sunday B. on a Sunday
C. on Sunday D. at a Sunday
5. This is _____ best kind of _____ pen you can get here.
A. the, the B. the, a
C. the, 不填 D. a, the
6. As is known to us all, _____ tiger is in _____ danger of becoming extinct.
A. the, a B. the, 不填
C. a, 不填 D. 不填, the
7. He spent too much time talking on ______ phone while we were all busy at _____ work.
A. the, 不填 B. a, 不填
C. 不填, 不填 D. the, the
8. As _______ unemployment is very high at the moment, it’s very difficult for people to find _______ work.
A. the, 不填 B.不填,不填
C. the, a D. an, the
9. Apartments in cities can be quite high. Renters are paying up to $1,000 per month for _______ bedroom apartment.
A. one a B. the one C. one D. a one
10. The education of ______ young is always ______ hot and serious topic.
A. 不填, 不填 B. the, a
C. 不填, the D. the, 不填
11. I often have conversations with John over ______ telephone, while keep in touch with Tom by ______ letter.
A. 不填;the B. 不填;a
C. the;不填 D. the; a
12. ―John has put forward _______ most challenging question for us to answer.
―Yes, it really is. I have never heard _______ harder one.
A. the; 不填 B. 不填; the
C. the; the D. a; a
13. “What about ______ school?” “It is as good, as
anybody can see, _____ school as No 1 Middle School Attached to
A. a; the B. the; a
C. a; a D. the; the
14. The market for ______ used computers is getting larger and larger as______ years go on.
A. 不填, 不填 B. the, 不填
C. the, the D. 不填, the
15. “Charley Oakley, ______ NBA All-star, hasn’t missed ______ game in the past three years.” “I can hardly believe it.”
A. an; the B. a; the
C. the; a D. an; a
16. In the market, vegetables are sold by _______ kilogram, I mean, by _______ weight.
A. the; 不填 B.不填; 不填
C. the; the D.不填;the
17. Many people agree that ______ knowledge of English is a must in _______ international trade today.
A. the, an B. a, 不填
C. the, the D. 不填, the
18. The cakes are delicious. I’d like to have _______ third one as _______ second one I ate was too small.
A. the, the B. a, the
C. the, a D. a, a
19. ________
A. 不填, 不填 B. The, an
C. The, 不填 D. 不填, an
20. ― Did you happen to see _______ black and _______ white cat?
― Are they missing? I told you to take care of them.
A. a; 不填 B. the; 不填
C. the; the D. a; the
【答案與解析】
1. 選D,big city life 表泛指,其前不用冠詞;country 表示“農(nóng)村”時,其前習慣上要用定冠詞。
2. 選B,success 在此指“成功的事”,為可數(shù)名詞;out of danger(脫離危險)為習語,其中不用冠詞。
3. 選A,其中的 failure 在此指“失敗的人”,為可數(shù)名詞。
4. 選B,Sunday 前用不定冠詞,表示“某一個”。
5. 選C,kind of 后的名詞通常不用冠詞。
6. 選B,當概括事物的種類時,用定冠詞,不用不定冠詞;另外in danger of 是短語,不用冠詞。
7. 選 A。on the phone 和 at work 均為習語,其中一個帶冠詞,一個不帶冠詞。
8. 選 B。unemployment 和 work 均為不可數(shù)名詞,表示一般意義時其前不用冠詞。
9. 選 D。a one bedroom apartment 意為“一套只帶一間臥室的套房”。
10. 選B。the young 意為“年輕人”,定冠詞用于某些形容詞前表示一類人或事物;第二空填不定冠詞修飾名詞 topic。
11. 選 A。over [on] the telephone 為習語,意為“通過電話”;若用 by telephone 則不用冠詞,類似地,by letter(通過信件)也不用冠詞。
12. 選D。第一空后的most不是構成最高級,而是表示“很”、“十分”,故其前用a;第二空也填a,該句為 I have never heard a harder one than this one 的省略。
13. 選B。第一空填the,表特指;第二空填a,表泛指,as good a school as No. Middle School Attached to Hunan Normal University 意為“與湖南師大附中一樣好的一所中學”。
14. 選A。used computers 與 years 均為復數(shù)名詞表示泛指意思,其前不用冠詞。
15. 選D。NBA中的 N 讀音為 ][,即前面一個音為元音,故填an不填a;第二空填a表泛指,泛指任何一場比賽。
16. 選A。介詞by表示“以…計”時,若后接單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,其前要用定冠詞,如:by the week 按周,按星期 / by the ton 按噸 / by the yard 按碼 / by the meter 按米;若后接抽象名詞,則通常不用冠詞,如:by volume 按體積 / by weight 按重量。
17. 選B。knowledge 雖為不可數(shù)名詞,但其前卻可用不定冠詞,表示某種程度的知識,有類似some的意思;第二空不填冠詞,是因為trade 為不可數(shù)名詞,表示泛指時不用冠詞。
18. 選B。序數(shù)詞前通常用定冠詞,表示特指(如第一空);有時也用不定冠詞,表示原有數(shù)量上的增加(如第一空)。
19. 選B。原則上說,專有名詞前不用冠詞,但在些特殊情況下也可用冠詞。此題第一空填定冠詞,表特指,即指“那時的英國”;第二空填不定冠詞,表示具有某種特征。
20. 選C。Are they missing? 中的代詞they 是一個很重要的信息詞,它表明上文中的 _______ black and _______ white cat 是兩只貓而不是一只貓,所以C。the black and white cat 可視為 the black cat and the white cat 之省略。若選A,則表示“一只黑白相間的貓”。
名詞考點
◆典型陷阱題分析◆
1. I found her sitting in the corner, reading _____ newspaper, with _____ in her eyes.
A. a, tear B. a piece of, tears
C. a, tears D. a piece of, tear
【陷阱】誤選D,許多學生錯誤地認為,既然news(消息)和 paper(紙)均為不可數(shù)名詞,那么newspaper(報紙)也應是不可數(shù)的;同時認為“眼淚”即“淚水”,“水”不可數(shù),“淚水”和“眼淚”也應該不可數(shù)。
【分析】最佳答案為C。newspaper和 tear均為可數(shù)名詞,它們不僅可以連用不定冠詞、可以用復數(shù),而且還可以連用數(shù)詞。
Her eyes filled with tears. 她熱淚盈眶。
She dried her tears with a handkerchief. 她用手帕擦干了眼淚。
The newspapers were full of lies. 報紙上一片謊言。
A newspaper is a publication. 報紙是一種出版物。
順便說一句,若不是將 newspaper 當作是供閱讀或傳遞信息的一種東西,而只是把它當成一種“紙”來看待,也可用作不可數(shù)名詞,如:
Wrap it in (a sheet of) newspaper. 把它用張報紙包起來。
2. Her father works as a ______ in a hotel and her mother a ______ in a private company.
A. cooker, typewriter B. cook, typist
C. cooker, typist D. cook, typewriter
【陷阱】誤選A,許多同學想當然地認為:cook 用作動詞,表示“煮飯”,所以 cooker 應是其相應的名詞,表示“煮飯的人”,即“廚師”;type 用作動詞,表示“打字”,所以 typewriter 應表示“打字員”。
【分析】而事實是:cook=廚師,cooker=炊具;typist=打字員,typewriter=打字機。即此題正確答案為B。
3. “Why couldn’t they
meet us at
A. heavy traffic B. heavy traffics
C. crowded traffic D. crowded traffics
【陷阱】B、C、D三項均容易誤選。
【分析】對于此題,首先要明確traffic為不可數(shù)名詞,沒有復數(shù)形式,故排除B和D。另外,漢語習慣說“交通擁擠”,而英語習慣上卻不能用crowded 來修飾 traffic,要表示漢語的“交通擁擠”,英語通常說heavy traffic,即選A。如下面一題也是選A:
She is not a competent driver and can’t cope with driving in _______.
A. heavy traffic B. heavy traffics
C. crowded traffic D. crowded traffics
4. In fact, _______ one cause that leads to the problem.
A. cattle is B. cattle are
C. cattles are D. the cattles are
【陷阱】此題容易誤選A,想當然地認為cattle是單數(shù),并且空格有表單數(shù)的one,自然謂語動詞用is。
【陷阱】其實,正確答案為B。cattle(牲畜,牛)為集合名詞,盡管它不帶復數(shù)詞尾-s,卻永遠表示復數(shù)意義,若用作主語,謂語要用復數(shù)。又如:
For this many cattle were killed. 為此宰了不少牲畜。
The prisoners were herded like cattle. 囚犯像牲口一樣被趕到一起。
類似地,police(警察),people(人),police(警察),poultry(家禽)等也具有同樣用法,即只有單數(shù)形式,但卻表示復數(shù)意義;用作主語時謂語通常也用復數(shù);不與 a(n) 連用,但可與the連用(表示總括意義和特指)。如:
The poultry have been fed. 家禽已經(jīng)喂過飼料了。
In
It annoys me when people forget to say “thank you”. 遇到有人忘記道謝的時候,我就不痛快。
5. By all _______, you must try every _______ to help him.
A. mean, mean B. means, means
C. means, mean D. mean, means
【陷阱】誤選C,認為第一空前有all修飾,故用means,而第二空前有every修飾,故用mean。
【分析】其實,means是一個單復數(shù)同形的名詞,并且永遠帶有尾-s。換句話說,在表示“方式”、“方法”時,不存在mean這一形式(mean主要用作動詞,表示“意思是”;也可用作名詞,表示“中間”、“中庸”)。此題正確答案為C,by all means為習語,意為“一定”、“盡一切辦法”。順便說一句,means用作主語時,其謂語的數(shù)需根據(jù)句意來確定。比較:
All possible means have been tried. 所有可能的辦法都已經(jīng)試過了。
Every possible means has been tried. 每種可能的辦法都已經(jīng)試過了。
若句意不能明確地表明主語的單復數(shù),其謂語則用單數(shù)或復數(shù)均可。如:
Is [Are] there any other means of getting more money? 還有其他什么辦法可弄到更多錢嗎?
6. Jim is ______ person, and everyone is willing to be ______ with him.
A. so kind a, friends B. so a kind, friends
C. so kind a, friend D. so a kind, friend
【陷阱】誤選C或D。認為 friend要用單數(shù)。
【分析】其實此題最佳答案為A。so kind a person相當于such a kind person,注意兩者中冠詞的位置不同。be friends with是習語,意為“與……友好”、“跟……做朋友”,與之同義的類似地還有make friends with。值得說明的是,這類短語中的名詞總是用復數(shù),即使句子主語為單數(shù)也是如此。如:
He is friends with me. 他與我是朋友。
He has made friends with everyone here. 他與這兒的每個人交上了朋友。
7. We already have ______ pencils, but we need two ______ pens.
A. dozen of, dozen B. dozens of, dozens
C. dozens of, dozen D. dozens of, dozen of
【陷阱】誤選 B。
【分析】此題最佳答案為C。關于dozen的復數(shù)是否加詞尾-s的問題比較復雜,大致原則是:
(1) 當它與具體數(shù)字連用時,既不加復數(shù)詞尾-s,也不后接介詞of。盡管有的詞書也有 two dozen of 這樣的用例,但這已屬過時用法,在考試中應避免,如1992年全國高考有一道單項選擇題就認為two dozen of為錯誤選項:
Shortly after the accident, _____ police were sent to the spot to keep order.
A. dozens of B. dozens C. dozen of D. dozen [D]
(2) 當它不與具體數(shù)字連用,而是表示不確定的泛指數(shù)時,則不僅要加復數(shù)詞尾-s,而且要后接介詞 of,此時可將dozens of(許多,幾十)視為習語。如:
I’ve been there dozens of times. 我去過那兒幾十次。
She’s got dozens of boy-friends. 她的男朋友很多。
下面一例中的dozens加了復數(shù)詞尾-s也屬為似情況:
Pack them in dozens. 按打裝袋吧。
(3) 當與 a few, several 等數(shù)目不很具體的詞連用時,加不加復數(shù)詞尾-s均可,但需注意:不加復數(shù)詞尾-s時,其后的介詞of可以省略;加詞尾-s時,其后介詞 of不能省略。如:
several dozen (of) pencils=several dozens of pencils幾打鉛筆
注:英語較少使用many dozen的說法,要表示類似意思可用dozens of。
(4) 當它后面的名詞受 the, these, those 等特指限定詞修飾時,或其后的接的是us, them這樣的人稱代詞時,則此時必須用介詞 of。如:
two dozen of these eggs 兩打這種雞蛋
three dozen of them 它們中的3打
注:score, hundred, thousand, million等也具有以上類似用法。
8. She raised her finger to her lips as _____ for silence.
A. an idea B. a mark
C. a sign D. a word
【陷阱】容易誤選B。
【分析】應選C,sign與mark的區(qū)別是:sign 的意思是“跡象”、“征兆”gesture or movement made with the hand, head, etc, used to give information, a command, etc(用手或頭等做出示意動作以傳遞信息或命令等),mark 的意思是 written or printed symbol or figure, line etc made as signor an indication of sth(書寫與印刷的符號或圖、線等記號)。根據(jù)此二詞的語義區(qū)別以及常識可知答案為C。類似地,下面兩題的答案也是C:
(1) Those black clouds are a sure _____ that it’s going to rain.
A. thing B. mark
C. sign D. one
(2) Just as a famous Chinese saying goes, a timely heavy snow is a ______ of good harvest next year.
A. mark B. track
C. sign D. appearance
但是,下面一題卻不能選sign,也不能選mark,而選symbol(象征):
The lion is considered the king of the forest as it is a(n) _____ of courage and power.
A. example B. sign
C. mark D. symbol
順便說一句,在近幾年的高考中像這類結合詞義區(qū)別以及語境和生活常識進行考查的試題經(jīng)常出現(xiàn),同學們需引起注意。
9. “May I take your order now?” “We’d like three black _______ and two green _______.”
A. coffee, cups of teas B. coffees, teas
C. cups of coffee, tea D. cup of coffees, teas
【陷阱】誤選C,認為coffee和tea均為不可數(shù)名詞,不能后加復數(shù)詞尾-s,從而排除選項A、B、D。
【分析】選B。有的同學認為 coffee 和tea是物質(zhì)名詞,不可數(shù),不能用 three coffees, two teas 這樣的表達。其實,coffee既可用作不可數(shù)名詞,表示“咖啡”這種物質(zhì),也可用作可數(shù)名詞,表示“一杯咖啡”,即在口語中 three coffees 就等于 three cups of coffee。同樣,“三杯茶”既可說成 three cups of tea,也可說成 three teas;“三杯啤酒”既可說成 three glasses of beer,也可說成 three beers。
10. _____ is a good form of exercise for both young and old.
A. Walk B. Walking
C. The walk D. To walk
【陷阱】容易誤選A或D。
【分析】最佳答案為B。分析如下:
(1) 首先,選項D不如選項B佳,因為,不定式通常表示特定的動作,而動名詞才表示習慣性的動作。
(2) 盡管walk用作名詞時可以表示“散步”,但它是可數(shù)名詞,指的是一次一次的具體的散步,而不表示抽象意義或泛指意義的“散步”,要表示此義,要用動名詞 walking。比較:
How about going for a walk? 出去散散步如何?
Walking does good to your health. 散步對你的健康有益。
類似地,dance 和 dancing 以及 swim 和 swimming 的區(qū)別也是一樣:
(1) 名詞的 dance表示“跳舞”,是可數(shù)名詞,指的是一次一次的具體的跳舞,而不表示抽象意義或泛指意義的“跳舞”,要表示后者的意思,要用動名詞轉(zhuǎn)化來的名詞 dancing。比較:
Let’s have a dance. 我們跳曲舞吧。
He is interested in dancing. 他對跳舞感興趣。
(2) 名詞的 swim表示“游泳”,是可數(shù)名詞,指的是一次一次的具體的游泳,而不表示抽象意義或泛指意義的“游泳”,要表示后者的意思,要用動名詞轉(zhuǎn)化來的名詞 swimming。比較:
She had a swim every day. 她每天游一會兒泳。
She loves swimming. 她喜歡游泳。
◆精編陷阱題訓練◆
1. Ten years had passed. I found she had _______.
A. a few white hairs B. a little white hair
C. some white hair D. more fifty hair
2.―Hi, this way, please.
―OK.I sometimes have no sense of ______ when I arrive at the crossroad.
A. position B. direction
C. situation D. condition
3. Shelly had prepared carefully for her English examination so that she could be sure of passing it on her first ________.
A. intention B. attempt
C. purpose D. desire
4. I didn’t have to work all weekend ― I did it by _______.
A. chance B. choice
C. accident D. myself
5. “Did you get _____ to the party?” “Yes, I replied to it this morning.”
A. an answer B. an invitation
C. a question D. a letter
6. I paid him £50 for the painting, but its true ______ must be at least £500.
A. price B. money
C. value D. importance
7. His letter was so confusing that I could hardly make any ______ of it.
A. explanation B. meaning
C. sense D. guess
8. You’ve just missed your ______, and you will have to wait for the next round.
A. chance B. turn
C. time D. part
9. ―Li Lin is very bright and studies hard as well.
―It’s no ______ he always gets the first place in any examination.
A. question B. doubt
C. problem D. wonder
10. ―How can I use this washing machine?
―Well, just refer to the _______.
A. explanations B. expressions
C. introductions D. directions
11. Jim was late for two classes this morning. He said that he forgot both of the ______.
A. rooms number B. room number
C. room’s numbers D. room numbers
12. ―Hello, I’d like to speak to Henry.
―Oh, which _______? There are two ______ in our office.
A. Henrys, Henrys B. Henries, Henries
C. Henry, Henrys D. Henrys, Henries
13. Electricity, like other forms of ______, has greatly increased in price in recent years.
A. pressure B. force
C. strength D. energy
14. In order to learn the _______ of the family business, Bill took a job as messenger boy in one of the offices.
A. ins and outs B. dos and don’ts
C. heads and tails D. t’s and i’s
15. ―I’ve got an “A” in the examination.
―That’s a good ______. You will surely win a second.
A. result B. news
C. start D. idea
【答案與解析】
1. 選A。hair 可用作可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞,用作可數(shù)名詞時,指一根一根的毛發(fā)或頭發(fā),如說 There’s a hair in my soup (我的湯里有根頭發(fā));用作不可數(shù)名詞時,則是整體地指一個人的頭發(fā)。
2. 選B。需根據(jù)句意來分析。have no sense of direction 意為“沒有方向感”。
3. 選B。需根據(jù)句意來分析。attempt 在此表示“嘗試”。
4. 選B,由于上文說 didn’t have to work,所以下文相應的語境應是 did it by choice。類似地,下面一題應選D,也是因為choice與下文的have to do it 相呼應:
Were you given a _____, or did you have to do it?
A. job B. duty
C. request D. choice
5. 選 B。注意其后的 to the party 和 replied to it。
6. 選C。value 指“價值”。
7. 選C。make sense of 意為“明白”、“理解”。比較:make sense 意為“有意義”、“意思清楚”、“有道理”。如下面一題選D:
What he told us about the situation simply doesn’t make any ______.
A. use B. reason
C. value D. sense
8. 選B。miss one’s turn 電為“錯過機會”,注意下文的 …h(huán)ave to wait for the next round 所表示的語境。
9. 選D。it’s no wonder (+that從句)的意思是“難怪”,也可說成 No wonder (+that從句)。
10. 選D。directions 的意思是“使用說明”,空格前的 refer to 意為“查看”、“參考”。
11. 選D。room 為無生命名詞,不用 room’s 這樣的所有格形式,在此可直接用名詞作定語。類似地,下面一題要選B,也是一樣的道理(名詞作定語通常用單數(shù)不用復數(shù)):
The boy was very happy that his mother bought him a new pair of shoes at a ______ yesterday.
A. shoes shop B. shoe shop C. shoes’s shop D. shoe’s
12. 選C。在通常情況下,專有名詞具有“獨一無二”性,因此它通常沒有復數(shù)形式,即不可數(shù)。但是,專有名詞的獨一無二性有時是相對的,隨著范圍的擴大,這種獨一無二性便會受到破壞。如在一個星期(week)內(nèi),只有一個星期六(Saturday), 一個星期日(Sunday)等,但是在一個月中甚至一年中,便有多個星期六,多個星期日了。所以我們有時可以說:We have spent many happy Sundays there. 我們在那兒度過了許多個愉快的星期日。另外一點值得注意的是,與一般的名詞單數(shù)變復數(shù)不同,以“輔音字母+y”結尾的專有名詞,其直接加詞尾-s,而不將y改為i。
13. 選D。從常識來考慮,electricity 屬于 energy,結合全句的語境,只有D最合適。同樣地,下面一題從常識和語境來考慮也應選D:
(1) Some countries are increasing their use of natural gas, and other forms of ______.
A. source B. material
C. power D. energy
(2) The ______ has become extremely tense. A war could break out any time between the two sides.
A. pollution B. friendship
C. condition D. situation
14. 選A。ins and outs 意為“細節(jié)”,dos and don’ts 意為“注意事項”,heads or tails 為擲錢幣打賭時用語,意為“你賭正面還是賭反面”,p’s and q’s主要用于 mind one’s p’s and q’s,意為“留意自己的言行”。結合句意,選A最合適。
15. 選C。從語法上看,news 不可選,因為它不可數(shù);從意義上看,D不可選,因為選D意思不通;比較A和C,選C最合適,因為 start與下文的 a second 相吻合。
代詞考點
◆典型陷阱題分析◆
1. _____ with any common sense can tell the difference between the two.
A. Who B. Whoever
C. Anyone D. Who ever
【陷阱】容易誤選B。
【分析】最佳答案為C。有的同學誤選B主要是因為受以下這類句子的影響:
Whoever comes will be welcome. 任何人來都歡迎。
Whoever wants the book may have it. 任何人要這書都可拿去。
Whoever gets the job will have a lot of work. 誰要是得到這份工作就有很多事要做。
以上三句中 whoever 引導的均為主語從句,其中的 whoever均可換成 anyone who,但是不能換成 anyone。以上試題從表面上看,與以上各例很相似,其實它們有本質(zhì)的不同,即 _____ with any common sense 中沒有謂語動詞,所以我們不能選 whoever。此題的正確答案為C,anyone 為句子主語,with any common sense 為修飾 anyone 的定語,F(xiàn)將此題稍作改動如下,答案選B:
_______ has any common sense can tell the difference between the two.
A. Who B. Whoever
C. Anyone D. Who ever
2. The dictionary is really useful. Every boy and girl _____ it and they each _____ to buy one.
A. like, want B. likes, wants
C. likes, want D. like, wants
【陷阱】容易誤選D。認為前面一空填復數(shù)動詞,因為其主語是 boy and girl,為復數(shù);第二空填單數(shù)動詞,因為其前有 each,表示“每一個”。
【分析】事實上,此題應選C。因為按英語習慣,every 后接兩個并列的單數(shù)名詞作主語時,謂語動詞要用單數(shù),即第一空填 likes;而第二空要填復數(shù)動詞 want,是因為其前的主語是 they 而不是 each(each 為主語的同位語)。
3. Everyone knows that
A. any B. any other
C. other D. another
【陷阱】容易誤選B。選擇的依據(jù)是以下大家熟悉的句型(其中的 other 不可省略):
He is taller than any other student in our class. 他是我們班最高的。
English is more widely used in international intercourse than any other language today. 現(xiàn)今英語在國際交往中比其他任何語言用得都廣。
【分析】但是上面一題與這類句子有所不同。這類句型到底該不該加 other,主要應看所談論的對象是否在比較的范圍之內(nèi):若在范圍之內(nèi),則用 other (以排除自己與自己比較);若不在范圍之內(nèi),則不用 other。比較下面一題:
A. any B. any other C. other D. another
此題應選B,因為 China 在 Asia 的范圍之內(nèi)。假若選A,則表示“中國比亞洲的任何國家都大”,而中國本身也是亞洲國家,由此則得出“中國比中國大”的荒謬結論。而選B,則表示“中國比亞洲任何其他國家要大”,這才合乎事實。
4. “What do you think of them?” “I don’t know _____ is better, so I’ve taken _____ of them.”
A. what, both B. what, none
C. which, both C. which, none
【陷阱】幾個干擾均有可能誤選。
【分析】最佳答案為C。做好此題的關鍵是要注意句中的 better 一詞,由于better 用的是比較級,說明比較的對象應是兩者,由此可推知第二空應填both;另一方面,由于所談論的是兩者,說明選擇范圍比較窄、比較明確,所以第一空應填 which。
5. “Would you like a cup of coffee or a glass of beer?” “____ will do, but milk is _____ popular with me.”
A. Neither, not B. Both, more
C. Either, the most D. All, the most
【陷阱】很容易誤選B,因為前文提到 coffee 和 beer 為兩者,所以有的同學就認為應選 both 和 more 與之對應(more 為比較級,指兩者比較)。
【分析】做對此題的關鍵是要注意到下文提到的 milk既不是 coffee 也不是 beer,而是除這兩者外的第三者,故第二空應填 the most,即此題最佳答案為C。
6. I read about it in some book or other, does it matter _____ it was?
A. where B. what
C. how D. which
此題答案選D,主要與上文的some book or other (某一本書)這一語境有關,全句句意為:“我在某一本書上讀到過它,是哪一本書這很重要嗎?”請看類似試題:
(1) “Who told you?” “Oh, somebody or other, I’ve forgotten _____.”
A. what B. when
C. which D. who
此題最佳答案為D。句意為:“誰告訴你的?”“噢,有個人,我忘記是哪一個了!
(2) Some of the students were late for the meeting, but I can’t remember _____.
A. what B. when
C. which D. whom
此題最佳答案為C。句意為“有些學生開會遲到了,但我不記得是哪些學生了”。
7. These trousers are dirty and wet ― I’ll change into my _____.
A. another B. trousers
C. others D. other
【陷阱】容易誤選A、B。
【分析】最佳答案為C。是從語法上看,another 后通常接單數(shù)名詞,而不接trousers 這樣的復數(shù)名詞(若用 another pair 則可以);也不能選 trousers 是因為填它句子意思不通。最佳答案應選C,others 相當于 other trousers,其中的 other 與前面的 these 相對照。
8. Her lecture was hard to follow because she kept jumping from one subject to _____.
A. other B. the other
C. the others D. another
【陷阱】容易誤選B。選擇依據(jù)可能是one … the other …這一常用結構。
【分析】最佳答案為D。使用one … the other … 時,我們通常是針對兩者而言的,即指“兩者中的一個……,另一個……”;如果所談論的情況不是針對兩者而言的,而是針對多者而言的,那么我們就不宜在 one 后使用 the other,而考慮用 another。又如(答案均選D,即選 another):
(1) Those cakes look delicious. Could I have _____ one?
A. other B. the other
C. the others D. another
(2) I have many such novels. I’ll bring _____ tomorrow.
A. other B. the other
C. the others D. another
(3) Saying is one thing and doing is _____.
A. other B. the other
C. the others D. another
比較以下各例:
(1) Shut ____ eye, Jim.
A. another B. some other
C. other D. the other
答案選D,因為人的眼睛只有兩只,故用 one … the other … 結構。
(2) It’s sometimes hard to tell one twin from _____.
A. another B. some other
C. other D. the other
答案選D,twin 意為“孿生子之一”、“雙胞胎之一”,即指兩者之一,故用 one … the other … 這一結構。
9. There are four bedrooms, ______ with its own bathroom.
A. all B. each
C. every D. either
此題容易誤選A,認為既然前面出現(xiàn)了 four bedrooms,故填 all 與之對應。其實,此題的最佳答案應為B,原因是空格后的隱藏信息 its,它表示空格處應填一個單數(shù)代詞,但是不能選C,因為 every 不能這樣單獨使用。
10. “It’s said that he is a wise leader.” “Oh, no, he is _____ but a wise leader.”
A. anything B. anyone
C. anybody D. anywhere
【陷阱】容易誤選B、C。因為句子主語指人,似乎只有B、C才與之一致。
【分析】其實,正確答案應選A。因為 anything but 是習語,意為“根本不是”或“一點也不”,不僅可用于事物,也可用于人。如:
I’ll do anything but that. 我絕不會干那種事。
The party was anything but a success. 晚會根本不成功。
Her father was anything but a poet. 她父親根本不是詩人。
Such a man was anything but a hero. 那樣的人絕不算英雄。
11. Tell _______ you like ― it makes no difference to me.
A. anyone B. who
C. whoever D. what
【陷阱】容易從中文字面來理解而誤選A或B。
【分析】最佳答案選 C。但若將A, B兩項合起來,即用 anyone who這樣的形式則也可以。選 C,whoever 引導一個賓語從句,用作動詞 tell的賓語。同樣地,請看以下類似試題:
(1) _____ comes is welcome.
A. Anyone B. Who
C. Anyone who D. Everyone
此題很容易誤選A,因為從漢語意思來分析,可理解為“任何人來都歡迎”,但若選A,此句的結構是混亂的,句中有兩個謂語動詞 comes 和 is,但卻只是一個句子。此題應選C,anyone 是句子主語,who comes 是修飾 anyone 的定語從句。
(2) _____ comes to see me, tell him I’m out.
A. Anyone B. Who
C. Whoever D. Everyone
此題很容易按漢語意思誤選A,其實應選C。whoever 引導的是讓步狀語從句,相當于 no matter who。
(3) Sarah hopes to become a friend of _____ shares her interests.
A. anyone B. whomever
C. whoever D. no matter who
此題不能選A,假若選A,應在其后加上 who,即用 anyone who;也不能選B,一是因為空格處應填一個作主語的詞(因為其后有謂語動詞 shares),二是因為在現(xiàn)代英語中 whomever 這個詞已基本廢除 (也就是說,在現(xiàn)代英語中 whoever 既用作主語,也用作賓語,如:Give it to whoever you see in the meeting-room. 你在會議室里看見誰就把它給誰);也不能選D,因為 no matter who只用于引導讓步狀語從句,不用于引導名詞性從句。此題正確答案為C,whoever 在此相當于 anyone who。
比較下例,答案應選A,而不是B、C或D(注意句意):
It was a matter of _____ would take the position.
A. who B. whoever
C. whom D. whomever
12. The teacher told us that the problem was not _____ easy and that we should think _____ over carefully.
A. such, it B. that, it
C. such, 不填 D. that,不填
【陷阱】容易根據(jù)漢語字面意思誤選C。
【分析】最佳答案選 B。第一空填that,that 用作副詞,相當于 so,又如:
Is it always that hot? 總那么熱嗎?(其中的 that hot 可以換成 so hot,但不能換成 such hot)
I can only tell you that much. 我只能告訴你這么多。(其中的 that much 可以換成 so much,但不能換成 such much)
注意第一空不能填such,因為such 不用作副詞,即它不用于修飾形容詞。
另外,漢語中說“好好想一想”,通?梢圆粠зe語,但英語中的think over 是及物動詞,如果用它來表示“好好想一想”,應根據(jù)上下文的語境讓它帶上適當?shù)馁e語,所以本題應用 think it over,相當于 think the problem over。
13. The camera isn’t good enough; I want to change ______.
A. another B. a good one
C. it with another D. it for another
【陷阱】容易根據(jù)漢語字面意思誤選A、B。
【分析】此題最佳答案為D。英語中的 change sth 表示的是“換某物”,sth 是被換的東西,而 change sth for sth else 表示的才是“用某物換另一物”。比較:
That coat was too large and I had to change it. 那件外套太大了,我得去換一件。
That coat was too large and I had to change it for a smaller one. 那件外套太大了,我得去換一件小一點的。
14. I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with ______.
A. everything B. anything
C. something D. nothing
【陷阱】此題容易誤選 B,生搬硬套不定代詞用法規(guī)則:something 用于肯定句,anything 用于否定句或疑問句。
【分析】其實此題應選 A,注意前文的 I agree with most of what you said(我同意你說的大部分內(nèi)容),其后的not 與 everything 構成部分否定,意為“不是所有的都同意”,前后兩部分用轉(zhuǎn)折連詞 but 連接,語氣通順、連貫。請看一個類似的例子:
______ likes money, but money is not ______.
A. Everyone, everything B. Anyone, anything
C. Someone, nothing D. Nobody, everything
最佳答案選A,句意為“大家都喜歡錢,但錢不是萬能的”。
15. “Is there ______ here?” “No, Bob and Tim have asked for leave.”
A. anybody B. everybody
C. somebody D. nobody
【陷阱】此題容易誤選 A。認為這是一般疑問句,要用 anybody。
【分析】其實此題應選B,主要與上下文的語境有關。全文語境為:“大家都到齊了嗎?”“沒有,Bob 和Tim 兩人請假了!奔偃粑覀儗⒋祟}作如下變換,則情形就會有所不同:
“Is there ______ here?” “Yes, I’m upstairs. Please come and help me.”
A. anybody B. everybody
C. somebody D. nobody
此題的最佳答案應是A,而不是B。
請再看一例:
“Do you have _____ at home now, Mary?” “No, we still have to get some fruit and tea.”
A. something B. anything
C. everything D. nothing
答案選C,句意為“瑪麗,現(xiàn)在家里東西都準備齊了嗎?”“還沒有,我們還要買些水果和茶!
16. “If you want a necklace, I’ll buy one for you at once.” “Oh, no. A necklace is not _____ that I need most.
A. anything B. something
C. nothing D. everything
【陷阱】此題容易誤選A,機械地套用以下規(guī)則:something 用于肯定句,anything 用于否定句或疑問句。
【分析】當然以上規(guī)則在通常情況下是有效的,但此句不屬通常用法。此題的最佳答案應是B,something 在此的意思不是“某種東西”,而是指“那種東西”或“這種東西”,即心中最想要的那種東西(相當于 the thing)。同樣地,下面幾題的最佳答案也是 something,而不是 anything:
(1) It’s not _____ that we want to talk about; let’s change the subject.
A. anything B. something
C. nothing D. everything
(2) It’s not _____ I enjoy; I do it purely out of a sense of duty.
A. anything B. something
C. nothing D. everything
(3) Self-control is not _____ that comes with your birth.
A. anything B. something
C. nothing D. everything
(4) This is not _____ that would disturb me anyway.
A. anything B. something
C. nothing D. everything
17. Some say one thing, but _____.
A. other, another B. others, another
C. others, the other D. the others, others
【陷阱】幾個干擾項均有可能誤選。
【分析】最佳答案選B。but others another 為 but others say another 之省略。在并列句中,若后面分句與前面分句有相同的詞,常把后一分句中的相同部分給省略掉,以避免重復。如:
One soldier was killed and another wounded. 有一名士兵被打死,另一名被打傷。(wounded 前省略了 was)
I work in a factory and my brother on a farm. 我在工廠工作,我弟弟在農(nóng)場工作。(on a farm 前省略了 works)
My room is on the second floor and his on the third. 我的房間在三樓,他的房間在四樓。(on the third 前省略了 is)
18. He is a hard-working student, _____ who will be successful in whatever career he chooses.
A. that B. he
C. one D. which
【陷阱】幾個干擾項均有可能誤選。
【分析】此題答案選C,one 相當于 a student。類似地,以下各題也選one,它們分別相當于 a table, a break, a question, a Mexican carpet, a moment:
(1) A table made of steel costs more than _______ made of wood.
A. one B. it
C. those D. which
(2)“Why don’t we take a little break?” “Didn’t we just have _____?”
A. it B. that
C. one D. this
(3) The question is _____ of great importance.
A. that B. it
C. one D. what
(4) She wants a Mexican carpet, but she can’t afford to buy ______.
A. one B. it
C. them D. the one
(5) Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, _____ I will always treasure.
A. that B. one
C. it D. what
◆精編陷阱題訓練◆
1. Tom’s mother always told him not to smoke again, but _____ didn’t help.
A. he B. it
C. which D. as
2. Both teams were in hard training; _____ was willing to lose the game.
A. either B. neither
C. another D. the other
3. There he pointed to _____ looked like a stone and said that’s ______ you had to carry home.
A. that, that B. what, what
C. which, what D. as, which
4. I know nothing about the accident except _____ I read in the paper.
A. that B. for
C. what D. 不填
5. Energy is ____ makes one work.
A. what B. something
C. anything D. that
6. Don’t go to _____ places where there is no fresh air.
A. such B. so
C. those D. which
7. The classroom is almost empty, where is _____?
A. someone B. anyone
C. everyone D. no one
8. I’m afraid we can’t have coffee; there’s _____ left.
A. nothing B. none
C. no one D. no any
9. _____ worries me is _____ we’re going to pay for all this.
A. It, that B. That, how
C. What, how D. As, that
10. He just does ______ he pleases and never thinks about anyone else.
A. that B. what
C. which D. how
11. _____ of you comes first will get the ticket.
A. Which B. Whichever
C. Who D. Whatever
12. His income is double _____ it was five years ago.
A. that B. which
C. as D. what
13. If you want a friend, you’ll find _____ in me.
A. one B. it
C. that D. him
14. Oh, how beautiful it is! I like _____ better.
A. everything B. anything
C. nothing D. something
15. Do you know _______ friends are coming to our party?
A. whose else’s B. who’s else
C. whose else D. who else’s
16. _______ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
A. Anyone B. The person
C. Whoever D. No matter who
17. Jane hopes to become a friend of _______ shares her interests.
A. whomever B. anyone
C. whoever D. no matter who
18. Some friends tried to settle the quarrel between Mr and Mrs Smith without hurting the feeling of _______, but failed.
A. none B. either
C. all D. neither
19. ―Here are the best styles of the clothes. Which one do you like?
― _______. They are not so nice as I expected.
A. Neither B. All
C. Nothing D. None
20. Mr Ascot, headmaster of the school, refused to accept ______of the three suggestions made by the Students’ Union.
A. either B. neither
C. any D. none
21. “There’s coffee and tea; you can have _______.” “Thanks.”
A. either B. each
C. one D. it
22. “When shall we meet again?” “Make it _______day you like; it’s all the same to me.”
A. one B. any
C. another D. some
23. “Susan, go and join your sister cleaning the yard.” “Why ______? John is sitting there doing nothing.”
A. him B. he
C. I D. me
【答案與解析】
1. 選B,it 指前面提到的情況。由于句中用了并列連詞 but,所以不能選C。當然,若去掉空格前的but,則可選C。
3. 選B,因是 both teams,即談論的是兩者,因此可鎖定A和B;從語境上看,應選B,即雙方都不愿輸。
3. 選B。即兩空均填 what,第一個what 相當于 something that;第二個what 相當于the thing that。
4. 選C,what 在句中用作動詞 read 的賓語。
5. 選A,what 相當于 something that。
6. 選C,但容易誤選A。按英語習慣,受 such 修飾的名詞后跟定語從句時,引導定語從句的關系詞一般只能是 as,而不能是 that, which, who, where等。如:Such women as knew him thought he was charming. 認識他的女人都認為他很有魅力。此句中的 as 就不能換成that 或 who,若要使用 that 或who,則需將 such 換掉,如說成Those women who knew Tom thought he was charming.
7. 選C,句意為“教室?guī)缀跏强盏,大家都到哪里去了??/p>
8. 選B,nothing 指“什么也沒有”;none 指數(shù)量上的“一點(個)也沒有”。注:回答 how much 和 how many 時要用 none,而不用 nothing,道理同此。
9. 選C,what worries me 為主語從句,且 what 在主語從句中用作主語。
10. 選B。從句意推知。
11. 選B 最佳,因 who后通常不接表示范圍的 of 短語,故不宜選C;若選A,則句型不對;若選D,則語義不通。
12. 選D,what 相當于 the amount that。
13. 選 A,one 在此相當于a friend。
14. 選C,I like nothing better 相當于 It’s the best thing I like。
15. 選D。else 可放在 who, what, where, how, why 等疑問詞之后,但習慣上不放在which之后,而且在一般情況下也不用在whose后,遇此情況可用 who else’s,如:
Who else’s fault could it be? 這會是其他什么人的錯嗎?
但是,若其后不修飾名詞,有時也可用whose else。如:
Whose else could it be? 這會是其他什么人的嗎?
16. 選C。其余三者均不能引導主語從句。whoever 在此相當于 anyone who。
17. 選C。whoever shares her interests用作介詞of的賓語,同時whoever又用作謂語動詞shares的語。
18. 選B。由于句中談到的是 Mr and Mrs Smith,即談的是兩者,故排除選項A和C,因為 none 和all 均用于指三者。又因為空格前有否定介詞without,故空格處填either, 不用 neither。
19. 選D。none 可視為 I like none of them 之省略。從下文的語境看,空格處只能填空一個表否定意義的詞。據(jù)此首先排除B;雖然A、C、D均表否定意義,但neither 與前面的best(既然使用最高級,說明有三者或多者在作比較)不吻合;而 nothing 表示“什么也沒有”,不合語境。
20. 選 C。none 和 neither 表否定,與句中的 refused to acept這一語境不符。在 either 與 any 兩個選項中,either 指兩者,
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