??In many businesses, computers have largely replaced paperwork, because they are fast, effective（高效的）, and do not make mistakes．As one banker said, “Unlike humans, computers never have a bad day.” And they are honest.

??Many banks advertise that their work is “untouched by human hands” and therefore safe from human attack. Computers have no reason to steal money. But they also have no sense, and the growing number of computer crimes (犯罪) shows they can be used to steal.

??Computer criminals don’t use guns. And even if they are caught, it is hard to punish them because there are no witness (證人) and often no proof (證據(jù)). A computer cannot remember who used it and simply does what it is told. The head teller(出納) at a New York City bank used a computer to steal more than one and a half billion dollars in just four years. No one noticed this because he moved the money from someone else’s account (帳目)．This man was caught only because he was a gambler (賭徒). When the police broke up a gambling group, his name was in the records.

??Some workers use the computer’s power to get revenge（報復(fù)）on bosses they consider unfair. Recently, a large company fired its computer assistant (助手) for reasons that were connected with her personal rather than her professional（職業(yè)的）life. She was given thirty days’ notice. In those thirty days, she got rid of all the company’s computerized records.

??Most computer criminals have been workers in low position. Now police wonder if this is “the tip of the iceberg（冰山）”. As one of the officials says, “I have a feeling that there are more crimes out there than we are catching. What we are seeing now is all so poorly done. I wonder what the real experts are doing — the ones who really know how a computer works.”

69. Which character of computers makes computer crimes possible﹖

A. Computers are fast, effective and exactly correct．

B. Computers always feel good．

C. Computers have no sense．

D. Computers are honest．

70. It is hard to catch computer criminals because_________．

A. computers forget who used them

B. computer criminals seldom bear witness or leave proof

C. computer criminals don’t use guns

D. computers simply do what they are told

71. A certain head teller(出納) at a New York bank was caught when _________．

A. his name was found in gambling records

B. he was replacing the missing money from someone else’s account

C. a customer (顧客) questioned the balance in his account

D. a customer asked the police for help

72. Which is NOT true according to the passage?

A. Computers can be used to steal．

B. Sometimes, computers can be used to punish somebody．

C. We need someone who knows computer very well．

D. Computers can do the things it is told．

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科目：高中英語 來源：2011屆湖北黃岡中學(xué)高三最后一次適應(yīng)性考試英語試卷 題型：閱讀理解

 In the eyes of dog lovers, the dog is man’s best friend. But for much wildlife, loose dogs may be a dangerous enemy, according to a study by a biologist from Utah State University in the US.
Based on much existing research and their own case studies, Julie Young of Utah State University and four other scientists conclude that loose dogs may represent a huge danger to wildlife, especially endangered species, by hunting down or worrying them and by spreading diseases. They also found that dogs, their worldwide numbers around 500 million, can cause more damage to wildlife and livestock(牲畜) than wolves and other enemies of these animals.
Young gave examples from the US state of Idaho, where research showed the presence of dogs reducing some deer populations. On the Navajo American Indians’ reservation in northeastern Arizona, packs of loose dogs are chasing livestock. They have killed populations of small animals such as rabbits and act as a disease carrier for rabies(狂犬病) among people and other animals, she said. Loose dogs also were to blame for distemper outbreak leading to a die-off of endangered black-footed ferrets in northwestern Wyoming in the 1980s.
The phenomenon is not just limited to US; it’s a global problen. Julie Young once studied three endangered species in central Asia: wild sheep, gazelles and antelope. The rate of injury and death to these animals by loose dogs was very high. In another case, Young found that dogs, not wolves, as originally suspected, were responsible for a large number of livestock killings in the mountainous Basque country between Spain and France.
Authors of the new study said the problem is likely to worsen as communities expand. Then how to deal with it?
Indeed, in many countries, leash(拴狗的皮帶) laws permit punishment of dog owners whose pets chase wildlife. But lawbreakers are rarely punished because the police lack both people and money.
Young has low-cost solutions to the problem for dog lovers, though. They include public dog-training programs and vaccinating (預(yù)防接種) dogs against rabies and other illnesses.
【小題1】. What is the main point of Julie Young’s study?

A．Many species are endangered because they are killed by loose dogs.
B．Wild dogs are immune to many diseases.
C．Wolves are still the greatest enemy of livestock.
D．Loose dogs pose a great danger to wildlife.
【小題2】. Which of the following statements about loose dogs is TRUE according to the research?
A．There are around 500 million loose dogs around the world.
B．The black-footed ferrets in northwestern Wyoming were once the main food source of local loose dogs.
C．The problem caused by loose dogs is the most serious in the US.
D．People used to think that wolves, rather than loose dogs killed livestock in the Basque country.
【小題3】. Which of the following is among Julie Young’s solutions to the trouble caused by loose dogs?
A．More strict leash laws
B．Public dog-training programs.
C．Vaccinating people against rabies and other illnesses.
D．More support from the police.
【小題4】. What is the main point of the article?
A．A global disaster caused by loose dogs.
B．What makes the dog man’s greatest friend.
C．The problem of loose dogs and the possible solutions.
D．The danger of the increasing numbers of dogs.

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科目：高中英語 來源：2010-2011學(xué)年廣西北海市合浦縣教研室高二上學(xué)期期末考試英語試卷 題型：閱讀理解

閱讀理解D
The deserts of the world are not all covered with sand. Many of them have surfaces of rock or clay(黏土) or small stones. They are not flat, either. They often have high hills and deep valleys. There is some plants’ life in many parts of the desert. There is little rain in the desert, but it does fall often enough for most plants.
The deserts of the world are not uninhabited(無人居住的). People also live outside oases(綠洲), but these people are not farmers. They have camels, goats, donkeys, sheep, etc. These animals can live on the desert plants and do not need much water.
The people of the desert have to move constantly from place to place, they must always look for grass or desert plants for their animals. They usually live in tents. When there is no more food for their animals, they fold up their tents, put them on their camels and donkeys, and move to another place. In good years, when there is enough food for their animals, they trade their skins and their goats and camel hairs with the people of oases for wheat and fruit. But in bad years, when there is not enough food for their animals, the people of the desert would attack the oases people. But they are also hospitable, no man in the desert would ever refuse to give a stranger food and water.
【小題1】According to the passage, deserts are mostly made up of ________.

A．clayB．rockC．stonesD．sand
【小題2】The underlined word “hospitable” has the meaning of being ________.
A．kindB．braveC．cruelD．strange
【小題3】 In the desert ________.
A．It rains in spring only.
B．it rains for a short time every month
C．the rainfall is just enough for the plants
D．there is some rain, but far from enough
【小題4】People live ______.
A．only inside the oasesB．both inside and outside the oases
C．only outside the oasesD．in places with regular rainfalls.

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科目：高中英語 來源：2011屆重慶市萬州二中高三3月月考英語卷 題型：閱讀理解

US bees operation keeping groups have been attacked seriously by so called Colony Collapse Disorder (蜂群衰竭失調(diào))．Almost 1/2 of their worker bees have vanished during the past season．This disorder has also been reported in Israel, Europe and South America．Bees fly away from the hive and never return．Sometimes they are found dead; other times they are never found．Many crops and trees depend on pollination--- by bees to help them grow． 
A new report says a virus may be at least partly responsible for the disorder in honey bee colonies in the United States．This virus is called Israeli acute paralysis virus．It was first found in Israel in 2004．Lan Lipkin at Columbia University in New York and a team reported the new findings in Science Magazine．Doctor Lipkin says the virus may not be the only cause．He says it may work with other causes to produce the collapse disorder．
The team found the virus in colonies with the help of a map of honey bee genes that was published last year．They examined thirty colonies affected by the disorder．They found evidence of the virus in twenty-five of them, and in one healthy colony．The next step is further testing of healthy hives．
The researchers suggested that the United States may have imported the disorder in bees from Australia．They say the bees may carry the virus but not be affected．
The idea is that unlike many American bees, the ability of Australian bees to fight disease has not been hurt by the varroasis mite．This insect attacks honey bees, which could make the disorder more likely to affect a hive．Australian bee producers object to these suspicions．
And some researchers suspect that bee production in the United States is down mainly because of the weather．Honey bees gather nectar from flowers and trees．The sweet liquid gives them food and material to make honey．But cold weather this spring in the Midwest reduced the flow of nectar in many flowers．Many bees may have starved．Dry weather in areas of the country could also be playing apart．
Wayne Esaias is a NASA space agency scientist who keeps bees in his free time．He lives in central Maryland, where he has found that flowers are blooming a month earlier than they did in 1970, which may be partly responsible for the disorder. Wayne Esaias is organizing a group of beekeepers to document nectar flow around the country.
【小題1】What is the author’s attitude toward the cause of this disorder?

A．DoubtfulB．NeutralC．SupportiveD．Negative
【小題2】The passage is mainly developed by            .
A．presenting the effect and analyzing its causes
B．making comparisons between two countries
C．providing data and examples
D．following the time order
【小題3】How many possibilities may be involved in the bee disorder according to the passage?
A．ThreeB．FourC．FiveD．Six
【小題4】From the passage we can infer that           .
A．American bees are more likely to defend themselves against hurt from other insects than Australian ones
B．A collection of plants production in the U.S may be influenced by the bee disorder
C．Israeli acute paralysis virus should be responsible for the disorder
D．The solution to the disorder will be found eventually

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科目：高中英語 來源：江西省于都中學(xué)2009-2010學(xué)年度高二下學(xué)期周練二英語試卷（B） 題型：閱讀理解


C
RIDING in school buses in the early morning，then sitting in poorly lit classrooms，are the main reasons students have trouble getting to sleep at night，according to new research．
Teenagers，like everyone else，need bright light in the morning to allow their circadian rhythms(生理節(jié)奏)to get into step with nature's cycles of day and night．
If they don't get blue 1ight in the morning，they get to sleep an average of six minutes later at night，until their bodies are completely out of sync(同步) with the school day，researchers from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in New York said last month．
The finding was made by fitting goggles(護(hù)目鏡)that block blue light from the sun to a group of students．The researchers discovered that their circadian rhythms were greatly affected．
Parents and teachers have been complaining in recent years that teens stay up too late at night，then fall asleep in class the next morning and do poorly in school．The new findings provide a possible explanation for the problem．
At the root of the research is the circadian rhythm, the body's natural sleep and waking cycle．Even though the Earth makes a full rotation(旋轉(zhuǎn))in 24 hours，the body's circadian cycle is about 24 hours and six minutes 1ong．The cycle is mediated(調(diào)節(jié))by a chemical called melatonin(褪黑激素)．The body starts to produce it about two hours before it is time to sleep and, in the absence of blue 1ight，the body produces about six minutes later each day.
In the study, the researchers studied 11 students at Smith Middle School in New York, which was designed so that a lot of sunlight  reaches classrooms．
On a Friday night，the researchers measured what time the 11 students’ bodies began releasing melatonin．On Monday morning，the students were sent to school with orange goggles that blocked most blue light from their eyes to mimic(模擬) the conditions found in many---if not most--schools．
By the end of the week，the students were releasing melatonin 30 minutes 1ater in the evening---an average of six minutes a day--and going to sleep correspondingly(相應(yīng)的) later．
“This is our first field study，”said lead author Mariana G．Figueiro．He said they would like to repeat it in larger studies and for longer periods of time。
If the findings are repeated，a variety of solutions are available．Ideally, new schools would be built to allow more natural sunlight into the classrooms．Students could also be exposed to more sunlight outside．
68. According to the findings related in this article, many teenagers stay up late because_______
A. they lack melatonin in their bodies
B. they have to get up so early to catch the school bus
C. their circadian rhythms are in disorder
D. they do not get enough blue light in the morning
69. According to the findings, a student who normally slept at 10:00 pm, but who spent 10 days in a poorly lit classroom, would probably be falling asleep at___________after the period.
A. 12:00pm   B. 11:30pm   C. 11:00pm   D. 10:00pm
70. What does the article tell us?
A. Unlike adults, teenagers tend to feel sleepy during daytime.
B. The sunlight is the only thing that can affect our circadian rhythms.
C. If the findings prove correct, solutions could be found to teen sleeping problems.
D. Most schools have small windows and the classrooms are poorly lit.
71. The main point of the article is to___________
A. warn teenagers not to stay up late or sleep in class
B. report on some new findings related to teenagers' sleeping problems
C. give suggestions on how to build schools
D. advertise goggles which can protect the eyes from the sun

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科目：高中英語 來源：2011-2012學(xué)年浙江省北侖中學(xué)高二獎學(xué)金考試英語試卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解

One thing the tour books don’t tell you about London is that 2,000 of its residents are foxes. They ran away from the city about centuries ago after developers and pollution moved in. But now that the environment is cleaner, the foxes have come home, one of the many wild animals that have moved into urban areas around the world.
“The number and variety of wild animals in urban areas is increasing,” says Gomer Jones, president of the National Institute for Urban Wildlife, in Columbia, Maryland. A survey of the wildlife in New York’s Central Park last year tallied the species of mammals, including muskrats, shrews and flying squirrels. A similar survey conducted in the 1890s counted only five species. One of the country’s largest populations of raccoons (浣熊) now lives in Washington D.C., and moose (駝鹿) are regularly seen wandering into Maine towns. Peregrine falcons(游隼) dive from the window ledges of buildings in the largest U.S. cities to prey on (捕食) pigeons.
Several changes have brought wild animals to the cities. Foremost is that air and water quality in many cities has improved as a result of the 1970s pollution-control efforts. Meanwhile, rural areas have been built up, leaving many animals on the edges of suburbs. In addition, urban wildlife refuges (避難處)have been created. The Greater London Council last year spent￡750,000 to buy land and build 10 permanent wildlife refuges in the city. Over 1,000 volunteers have donated money and cleared rubble from derelict lots. One evening last year a fox was seen on Westminster Bridge looking up at Big Ben.
For peregrine falcons, cities are actually safer than rural cliff dwellings (懸崖棲息地). By 1970 the birds had died out east of the Mississippi because the DDT had made their eggs too thin to support life. That year, scientist Tom Cade of Cornell University began raising the birds for release in cities, for cities afforded abundant food.
Cities can attract wild animals without turning them harmful. The trick is to create habitats where they can be self-sufficient but still be seen and appreciated. Such habitats can even be functional. In San Francisco, the local government is testing different kinds of rainwater control basins to see not only which ones retain (保持) the cleanest water but which will attract the most birds.
【小題1】The first paragraph suggests that ________.

A．environment is crucial for wildlife
B．tour books are not always a reliable source of information
C．London is a city of fox　　
D．foxes are highly adaptable to environment
【小題2】Which of the following is NOT a reason that wildlife is returning to the cities?
A．Food is plentiful in the cities.
B．Wildlife is appreciated in the cities.
C．Wildlife refuges have been built in the cities
D．Air and water quality has improved in the cities
【小題3】The underlined word “tallied” in Para. 2 means __________.
A．distinguished B．describedC．countedD．excluded
【小題4】It can be inferred from the passage that _________.
A．Londoners are putting more and more wild animals into their zoos.
B．Londoners are happy to see wild animals return to their city
C．Londoners are trying to move wild animals back to the countryside
D．Londoners have welcomed the wild birds, but found foxes a problem
【小題5】What is the passage mainly about?
A．Wildlife returning to large cities
B．Foxes returning to London
C．Wild animals living in zoos
D．A survey of wildlife in New York

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