17.Persuasion is the art of convincing(使..相信) someone to agree with you.According to the ancient Greeks,there are three basic tools of persuasion:ethos,pathos,and logos.
Ethos is a speaker's way of convincing the audience that she is honest and reliable.One common way a speaker can develop ethos is by explaining how much experience or education she has in the field.After all,you're more likely to listen to advice about how to take care of your teeth from a dentist than a fireman.A speaker can also create ethos by convincing the audience that she is a good person.
Patho is a speaker's way of connecting himself with an audience's feelings.For example,a politician who is trying to convince an audience to vote for him might say that he alone can save the country from a terrible war.These words will fill the audience with fear,making them support him.Similarly,an animal charity might show an audience pictures of ijured dogs and cats to make the viewers feel pity.If the audience feels bad for the animals,they may donate(捐贈) money.
Logos is the use of facts,statistics,or other evidence to support your argument.An audience will be more likely to believe you if you have convincig data to back up your statements.Presenting this evidence is more persuasive than simply saying"believe me"
Although ethos,pathos,and logos all have their strengths,they are often most effective when used together.Indeed,most speakers use a combination of ethos,pathos,and logos to persuade their audiences.So,next time you listen to a speech,watch a commercial,or listen to a friend trying to convince you to lend him some money,look out for these ancient Greek tools of persuasion.
32.Why does the author say persuasion is an art?B
A.It makes the audience enjoyable.
B.It requires great skills to achieve.
C.It demands full attention from the audience.
D.It is all common topics of ancient Greek writers.
33.How is a speaker able to show her ethos to the audience?D
A.By expressing her love for the audience
B.By telling the audience about her personal hobbies.
C.By using beautiful language to make her statements attractive.
D.By showing her knowledge and experience related to the topic.
34.What can we learn about the three methods of persuasion?B
A.Ethos is the most important method of persuasion.
B.Each method has a different effect on the audience.
C.Honesty is the only key to making your arguments believable
D.Politician mostly use pathos to persuade their audiene
35.An advertisement for washing powder which claims that"scientific tests show that our powder kills 95% of all bacteria"is mainly usingC.
A.ethos B.pathos C.logos D.a(chǎn) combination of all three.
分析 本文屬于說明文閱讀,作者通過這篇文章主要向我們描述了說服是一種說服某人同意你的藝術(shù),有三種基本的說服方法:精神氣質(zhì),悲情和理性.
解答 32.B.推理判斷題.根據(jù)第二段If an audience cannot trust you,you will not be able to persuade them可知作者說說服是一門藝術(shù)因為他們都需要偉大的技能來實現(xiàn);故選B.
33.D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第二段One common way a speaker can develop ethos is by explaining how much experience or education she has in the field可知演講者通過展示與該主題相關(guān)的知識和經(jīng)驗向聽眾展示她的精神氣質(zhì);故選D.
34.B.推理判斷題.根據(jù)最后一段Although ethos,pathos,and logos all have their strengths,they are often most effective when used together可知每個方面對觀眾有不同的影響;故選B.
35.C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第四段Logos is the use of facts,statistics,or other evidence to support your argument…Logos is the use of facts,statistics,or other evidence to support your argument.An audience will be more likely to believe you if you have convincing data to back up your claims可知一個洗衣粉廣告,聲稱許多科學(xué)測試表明我們的粉末殺死了所有細(xì)菌的95%".而它主要是使用了標(biāo)識;故選C.
點評 本文是社會文化類閱讀理解.做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍,做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析,結(jié)合選項選出正確答案.推理判斷題也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案,切忌胡亂猜測,一定要做到有理有據(jù).