Question

11．From bankers to factory staff，employees in the west face the bleak prospect （暗淡的前景） of losing their jobs as a global recession （衰退） starts to bite．For colleagues in the East the pain is more likely to come through a pay cut．
Human resource experts say cultural differences explain why Asian firms try harder to keep jobs in difficult times，which will stop unemployment and may help keep Asian economies afloat at a time of slowing exports．
The East Asian attitude may also make it easier for firms to recover quickly from the economic downturn since they will not need to rehire or train new staff，leaving some experts predicting Western shift to Eastern flexibility．
"In the Confucian （儒家的） attitude，the right thing to do is to share the burden．There is the sense of collective responsibility whereas （然而） in the West，it's more about the individual survival，"said Michael Benotlel，associated professor of organizational behavior at Singapore Management University．
Steven Pang，Asian Regional Director for Aquent，a headhunting firm，said in many East Asian companies there was a responsibility"to take care of the members of the family and go through the pain together"even if that meant causing losses．
US firms from General Motors to Goldman Sachs plan to lay off workers by the thousand．But at the Asian units of Western multinationals，job cuts will probably be less severe．
Japan's jobless rate was 4percent in September，up from 3.8percent in January，while Hong Kong's was flat at 3.4percent．But US unemployment is expected to have jumped to 6.3percent last month from below 5percent in January．
Experts say that while there are noticeable differences in labor practices in East and West，the gap will narrow as more firms become more multinational and competition forces firms to adopt the best practices of rivals （對(duì)手） from abroad．
（Note：Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS．）

81．What caused the different practices of Asian and Western firms facing the global recession？The cultural differences between the East and the West
82．Why is it easier for the East Asian firms to recover quickly from the economic downturn？Because they needn't rehire or train new staff．/Because they won't/don't need to rehire or train new staff
83．Firms in the west would lay off workers when facing a bleak prospect because ofthe individual survival．
84．More firms becoming more multinational and competition will make the differences in East and West less noticeable．

Answer 1

分析 文章大意：本文主要講的是東西方的文化差異導(dǎo)致了東西方公司在面對(duì)全球經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退時(shí)的差異．

解答 81．The cultural differences between the East and the West   細(xì)節(jié)題：從第二段的句子：Human resource experts say cultural differences explain why Asian firms try harder to keep jobs in difficult times，可知東西方的文化差異導(dǎo)致東西方的公司在面對(duì)全球衰退的時(shí)候的差異．The cultural differences between the East and the West．
82．Because they needn't rehire or train new staff．/Because they won't/don't need to rehire or train new staff．細(xì)節(jié)題：從第三段的句子：they will not need to rehire or train new staff，leaving some experts predicting Western shift to Eastern flexibility．可知東亞的公司更容易從經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退中恢復(fù)是因?yàn)樗鼈儾灰�重新�?xùn)練職員．Because they needn't rehire or train new staff．/Because they won't/don't need to rehire or train new staff．
83．the individual survival  細(xì)節(jié)題：從第三段的句子：There is the sense of collective responsibility whereas （然而） in the West，it's more about the individual survival，"可知答案是the individual survival．
84．More firms becoming more multinational and competition細(xì)節(jié)題：從最后一段的句子the gap will narrow as more firms become more multinational and competition forces firms to adopt the best practices of rivals （對(duì)手） from abroad．可知更多的公司會(huì)變成多國(guó)化更有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力．選 More firms becoming more multinational and competition

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