16．In a society such as the United States or Canada，which has many national，religious，and cultural differences，people highly value individualism （個人主義）-the differences among people．Teachers place a lot of importance on the qualities that make each student special．The educational systems in these countries show these values．Students do not memorize information．Instead，they work individually and find answers themselves．There is often discussion in the classroom．At an early age，students learn to form their own ideas and opinions．
In most Asian societies，on the contrary，people have the same language，history，and culture．Perhaps for this reason，the educational system in much of the Orient （東方的） reflects society's belief in group goals and purposes rather than individualism．Children in China，Japan，and Korea often work together and help one another on assignments．In the classroom，the teaching methods are often very formal．The teacher lectures，and the students listen．There is not much discussion．Instead，the students repeat rules or information that they have memorized．
There are advantages and disadvantages to both of these systems of education．For example，one advantage to the system in Japan is that students there learn much more math and science than American students learn by the end of high school．They also study more hours each day and more days each year than North Americans do．The system is difficult，but it prepares students for a society that values discipline and self-control．There is，however，a disadvantage．Memorization is an important learning method in Japanese schools，yet many students say that after an exam，they forget much of the information they have memorized．
The advantage of the educational system in North America，on the other hand，is that students learn to think for themselves．The system prepares them for a society that values creative ideas．There is，however，a disadvantage．When students graduate from high school，they haven't memorized as many basic rules and facts as students in other countries have．
32．The reason why American teachers attach much importance to individualism is thatC．
A．they are required to do so
B．their students do not memorize information
C．the United States is a country of many cultures
D．their students work individually
33．Which of the following statements applies to Asian methods of education？C
A．Each child in a classroom draws a different picture．
B．students have to find information themselves．
C．Students are prepared for a society that values discipline．
D．Teachers serve as a guide in discussion．
34．A good educational system would be the one thatB．
A．has more advantages
B．is the combination of Western and Oriental methods
C．is based on the Western system
D．rests on the Asian system
35．The author focuses onA．
A．the differences in methods of education orient and west
B．the advantages and disadvantages to both of the Western and Asian educational system
C．how Asian school systems reflect group goals
D．how Western school systems reflect the value of individualism．
分析 本文討論的是東西方教育系統(tǒng)的不同之處．在西方人們強調(diào)高度尊重個人和人與人之間的差異．教師極其重視每個學(xué)生的不同特性，而在東方，由于相同的語言、歷史和文化，其教育系統(tǒng)強調(diào)集體主義和團結(jié)協(xié)合精神，上課時教師講，學(xué)生聽，討論并不多．文章最后談到了兩種教育系的優(yōu)缺點．
解答 32．C；細節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)文中"In a society such as the United States or Canada，which has many national，religious，and cultural differences，people highly value individualism （個人主義）-the differences among people．"可知美國教師高度重視個人主義的原因是美國是一個多文化的國家．故選C．
33．C；細節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)文中"it prepares students for a society that values discipline and self-control"（它為學(xué)生們準備了一個價值觀自律和自我控制的社會），可知學(xué)生們?yōu)橐粋�重視紀律的社會做好準備適用于亞洲的教育方法，故選C．
34．B；推理判斷題．文章最后談到了兩種教育系各有優(yōu)缺點．所以我們可以推斷出一個好的教育體系是西方和東方方法的結(jié)合，B符合語境，故選B．
35．A；主旨大意題．通讀全文可知，本文討論的是東西方教育系統(tǒng)的不同之處，A符合題意，故選A．
點評 本文考察學(xué)生的細節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力以及細心程度，只要抓住文章的關(guān)鍵詞，采用尋讀的方法查找細節(jié)，就能找到正確答案．
