we humans are alone in the universe,scientists have scanned the sky for outer space signals and sent messages out into space.
A、We wonder if B、Having known that
C、To find out whether D、Not knowing why
科目：高中英語 來源：廣東省汕頭市金山中學(xué)2011-2012學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期12月月考英語試題 題型：050
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
完形填空（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從下列各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
The human nose is an underestimated tool. Humans are often thought to be 1___ smellers compared with animals, but this is largely because, unlike animals, we stand upright. This means that our noses are 2 to detecting those smells which float through the air, 3 the majority of smells which stick to surfaces. In fact though, we are extremely sensitive to smells, even if we do not generally realize it. Our noses are capable of 4 human smells even when these are 5 to far below one part in one million.
6 , some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another, while others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers. This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate 7 smell receptors in the nose. These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send 8 to the brain. However, it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell at first can suddenly become sensitive to it when 9 to it often enough.
The 10 for insensitivity to smell seems to be that brain finds it 11 to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can 12 new receptors if necessary. This may also explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells we simply do not need to be. We are not 13 of the usual smell of our own house but we 14 new smells when we visit someone else's. The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors _ 15 for unfamiliar and emergency signals such as the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire.
| 1. A. sensitive | B. outstanding | C. insensitive | D. awkward |
| 2. A. limited | B. committed | C. devoted | D. conducted |
| 3. A. catching | B. ignoring | C. missing | D. tracking |
| 4. A. distinguishing | B. discovering | C. determining | D. detecting |
| 5. A. reduced | B. reserved | C. rescued | D. refused |
| 6. A. Fortunately | B. Strangely | C Happily | D. Amazingly |
| 7. A. unusual | B. particular | C. unique | D. typical |
| 8. A. signs | B. information | C. messages | D. signals |
| 9. A. subjected | B. left | C. drawn | D. exposed |
| 10A. expectation | B. expression | C. extension | D. explanation |
| 11.A convenient | B. competitive | C. inefficient | D. adequate |
| 12.A introduce | B. gather | C. develop | D. produce |
| 13.A sure | B. sick | C. aware | D tired |
| 14.A tolerate | B. resist | C. neglect | D. notice |
| 15.A available | B. reliable | C. valuable | D. suitable |
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科目：高中英語 來源：山西省太原五中2010屆高三5月末考試試題 題型：閱讀理解
“Humans should not try to avoid stress any more than they would shun food, love or exercise.” said Dr. Hans Selye, the first physician to document the effects of stress on the body. While here’s no question that continuous stress is harmful, several studies suggest that challenging situations in which you’re able to rise to the occasion can be good for you.
In a 2001 study of 158 hospital nurses, those who faced considerable work demands but coped with（設(shè)法處理） the challenge were more likely to say they were in good health than those who felt they couldn’t get the job done.
Stress that you can manage may also boost immune(免疫的) function. In a study at the Academic Center for Dentistry in Amsterdam, researchers put volunteers through two stressful experiences. In the first, a timed task that required memorizing a list followed by a short test, subjects believed they had control over the outcome. In the second, they weren’t in control: They had to sit through a gory(血淋淋的) video on surgical procedures. Those who did go on the memory test had an increase in levels of immunoglobulin A, an antibody that's the body’s first line of defense against germs. The video-watchers experienced a downturn in the antibody.
Stress prompts the body to produce certain stress hormones（荷爾蒙）. In short bursts these hormones have a positive effect, including improved memory function. “They can help nerve cells handle information and put it into storage,” says Dr. Bruce McEwen of Rockefeller University in New York. But in the long run these hormones can have a harmful effect on the body and brain.
“Sustained stress is not good for you,” says Richard Morimoto, a researcher at Northwestern University in Illinois studying the eff
ects of stress on longevity(長壽), “It’s the occasional burst of stress or brief exposure to stress that could be protective.”
【小題1】The passage is mainly about ________.
| A．the benefits of manageable stress |
| B．how to avoid stressful situations |
| C．how to cope with stress effectively |
| D．the effects of stress hormones on memory |
_____.| A．cut down on |
| B．stay away from |
| C．run out of |
| D．put up with |
| A．people under stress tend to have a poor memory |
| B．people who can’t get their job done experience more stress |
| C．doing challenging work may be good for one’s health |
| D．stress will weaken the body’s defense against germs |
| A．a(chǎn) person’s memory is determined by the level of hormones in his body |
| B．stress hormones have lasting positive effects on the brain |
| C．short bursts of stress hormones enhance memory function |
| D．a(chǎn) person’s memory improves with continued experience of stress |
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科目：高中英語 來源：2012-2013學(xué)年甘肅蘭州一中高三考前沖刺模擬測試英語卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
People diet to look more attractive．Fish diet to avoid being beaten up，thrown out of their social group，and getting eaten as a result．That is the fascinating conclusion of the latest research into fish behavior by a team of Australian scientists．
The research team have discovered that subordinate(低一等的) fish voluntarily diet to avoid challenging their larger competitors．"In studying gobies we noticed that only the largest two individuals，a male and female，had breeding（繁殖）rights within the group，" explains Marian Wong．"All other group members are nonbreeding females，each being 5-10% smaller than its next largest competitor．We wanted to find out how they maintain this precise size separation．"
The reason for the size difference was easy to see．Once a subordinate fish grows to within 5-10% of the size of its larger competitor，it causes a fight which usually ends in the smaller goby being driven away from the group．More often than not，the evicted fish is then eaten up．
It appeared that the smaller fish were keeping themselves small in order to avoid challenging the boss fish．Whether they did so voluntarily，by restraining how much they ate，was not clear．The research team decided to do an experiment．They tried to fatten up some of the subordinate gobies to see what happened．To their surprise，the gobies simply refused the extra food they were offered，clearly preferring to remain small and avoid fights，over having a feast．
The discovery challenges the traditional scientific view of how boss individuals keep their position in a group．Previously it was thought that large individuals simply used their weight and size to threaten their subordinates and take more of the food for themselves，so keeping their competitors small．
While the habits of gobies may seem a little mysterious，Dr．Wong explains that understanding the relationships between boss and subordinate animals is important to understand how hierarchical（等級的）societies remain stable．
The research has proved the fact that voluntary dieting is a habit far from exclusive to humans．"As yet，we lack a complete understanding of how widespread the voluntary reduction of food intake is in nature，" the researchers comment．"Data on human dieting suggests that，while humans generally diet to improve health or increase attractiveness，rarely does it improve long-term health and males regularly prefer females that are fatter than the females' own ideal．"
1.When a goby grows to within 5-10% of the size of its larger competitor，it _________．
A．leaves the group itself B．has breeding rights
C．eats its competitor D．faces danger
2.The underlined words "the evicted fish" in Paragraph 3 refer to _________．
A．the fish beaten up B．the fish driven away
C．the fish found out D．the fish fattened up
3.The experiment showed that the smaller fish _________．
A．fought over a feast B．preferred some extra food
C．challenged the boss fish D．went on diet willingly
4.What is the text mainly about?
A．Fish dieting and human dieting． B．Dieting and health．
C．Human dieting． D．Fish dieting．
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科目：高中英語 來源：2014屆吉林省高二上學(xué)期期中考試英語試卷A（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
Sydney—A shark savaged a schoolboy's leg while he was surfing with his father at a beach in Sydney on February 23.It was the third shark attack along the coast of Australia's largest city in a month.
The 15-year-old boy and his father were in the water off Avalon，on Sydney's northern beaches，around dawn when he was attacked.The city's beaches are packed with locals and tourists during the summer months.
“The father heard a scream and turned to see his son thrashing(激烈扭動)about in the water，”the police said.“Fortunately，the shark swam away and the boy was helped to the shore by his father.”
Lifesaving Club spokesman Nick Miller said，“It got him around the top of his left leg and the father came and dragged him out of water.”He said the boy was bleeding heavily when he was brought to the shore.“There was a lot of pain，as you can imagine.”The teenager was airlifted to hospital for treatment for leg injuries.
Police said the bites “cut through to the bone”，but the boy did not appear to have sustained any fractures (骨折)．He was in a stable condition now.
Several beaches were closed after the attack.Water police and lifeguards were searching for the shark，while the police hoped to identify its species by the shape of the bite marks.But they said it was too early to say what type of shark attacked the boy.“I don't even know if he saw it，”Miller said.
Many shark species live in the waters off Sydney's beaches，but attacks on humans are still relatively rare.However，there were two attacks on successive days earlier this month，one on a navy diver in Sydney harbor，not far from the famous Opera House，and the other on a surfer at the city's world-famous Bondi beach.
Fishermen say shark numbers are on the rise.There is a ban on commercial fishing in the harbor，which has increased fish stocks.Marine experts also claim environmental protection has created a cleaner environment，attracting sharks closer to the shore as they chase fish.Many shark species，including the Great White—the man-eaters made famous in Steven Spielberg's Jaws—are protected in Australian waters.
1.The report mainly tells us ________.
|
A．shark attacks on humans are on the rise |
|
B．sharks attacked humans three times in one month |
|
C．a(chǎn) boy was attacked by a shark at a Sydney beach |
|
D．shark numbers are increasing in the waters off Sydney's beaches |
2.The underlined word “savaged” in the first paragraph probably means “________”．
|
A．a(chǎn)ttracted |
B．dragged |
C．bit |
D．packed |
3.What do we know about the city of Sydney from the passage?
B．Sydney harbor is not far from the famous Opera House.
C．There are many locals and tourists on its coast all the year round.
D．There are few shark species in the waters off Sydney's beaches.
4.About the injury of the boy we know that ________.
|
A．he was losing much blood when he was dragged out |
|
B．he was very nervous when he was sent to hospital |
|
C．he may be in danger of losing his leg |
|
D．he was injured in the right leg |
5.All the following are the causes of Australia's sharks' increasing EXCEPT that ________.
|
A．environmental protection has created a cleaner environment |
|
B．a(chǎn) ban on commercial fishing has increased fish numbers |
|
C．many shark species are protected in Australian waters |
|
D．the film Jaws has made the Great White famous |
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