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科目：高中英語 來源：2014屆天津市高三上學(xué)期第一次月考英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
Ideas about polite behavior are different from one culture to another. Some societies, such as America and Australia for example, are mobile and very open. People here change jobs and move house quite often. As a result, they have a lot of relationships that often last only a short time, and they need to get to know people quickly. So it's normal to have friendly conversations with people that they have just met, and you can talk about things that other cultures would regard as personal.
On the other hand there are more crowded and less mobile societies where long-term relationships are more important. A Malaysian or Mexican business person, for example, will want to get to know you very well before he or she feels happy to start business. But when you do get to know each other, the relationship becomes much deeper than it would in a mobile society.
To Americans, both Europeans and Asians seem cool and formal at first. On the other hand, as a passenger from a less mobile society puts it, it's no fun spending several hours next to a stranger who wants to tell you all about his or her life and asks you all sorts of questions that you don't want to answer.
Cross-cultural differences aren't just a problem for travelers, but also for the flights that carry them. All flights want to provide the best service, but ideas about good service are different from place to place. This can be seen most clearly in the way that problems are dealt with.
Some societies have 'universalist' cultures. These societies strongly respect rules, and they treat every person and situation in basically the same way.
'Particularist' societies, on the other hand, also have rules, but they are less important than the society's unwrinen ideas about what is right or wrong for a particular situation or a particular person. So the normal rules are changed to fit the needs of the situation or the importance of the person.
This difference can cause problems. A traveler from a particularist society, India, is checking in for a flight in Germany, a country which has a universalist culture. The Indian traveler has too much luggage, but he explains that he has been away from home for a long time and the suitcases are full of presents for his family. He expects that the check-in official will understand his problem and will change the rules for him. The check-in official explains that if he was allowed to have too much luggage, it wouldn't be fair to the other passengers. But the traveler thinks this is unfair, because the other passengers don't have his problem.
1.Often moving from one place to another makes people like Americarts and Australians
A. like traveling better
B. easy to communicate with
C. difficult 1o make rcal friends
D. have a long-term relationship with their neighbors
2.People like Malaysians prefer to associate with those
A. who will tell them everything of their own
B. who want to do business with them
C. they know quite well
D. who are good at talking
3.A person from a less mobile society will feel it_____ when a stranger keeps talking to him or her, and asking him or her questions.
A. boring B. friendly C. normal D. rough
4.Which of the following is true about "particularist societies"?
A. There is no rule for people to obey.
B. People obey the society's rules completely.
C. No one obeys the society's ruies though they have.
D. The society's rules can be changed with different persons or situations.
5.The writer of the passage thinks that the Indian and the German have different ideas about rules because of different__________.
A. interests B. habits and customs
C. cultures D. ways of life
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科目：高中英語 來源：2012-2013學(xué)年福建尤溪一中高三畢業(yè)班校質(zhì)檢英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
Loren Gladstone of Toronto is 58, but thinking over how to bequeath (遺贈) his digital property(財產(chǎn)). Doing the paperwork after his parents' death was a challenge. “When my time comes, I wonder if my children will even know what paper is，” he says. As a software developer, his virtual property is both valuable and vital to his business. That reflects a problem. Online lives have increasing economic and emotional value. But testamentary (遺囑) laws offer confusing and incomplete ways of bequeathing and inheriting (繼承) them.
Digital property may include software, websites, downloaded content, online gaming identities, social-media accounts and even e-mails. In Britain alone holdings of digital music may be worth over ￡9 billion ($14 billion). A fifth of respondents to a Chinese local-newspaper survey said they had over 5，000 yuan($790) of digital property. And value does not lie only in money.“Anyone with kids under 14 years old probably has two prints of them and the rest are in online galleries，”says Nathan Lustig of Entrustet, a company that helps people manage digital property.
Service providers have different rules—and few state them clearly in their terms and conditions. Many give users a personal right to use an account, but nobody else, even after death. Facebook allows relatives to close an account or turn it into a memorial page. Gmail (run by Google) will provide copies of e-mails to an executor (遺囑執(zhí)行人). Music downloaded via iTunes is held under a license which can be abolished on death. Apple declined to comment on the record on this or other policies. All e-mail and data on its iCloud service are deleted on the death of the owner.
This has led to cases to court in America. In 2004 the family of Justin Ellsworth, an army man killed in Iraq, took Yahoo! to court in Michigan to get copies of his e-mails. This year, a court in Oregon ruled that another American mother whose son had died could use her dead son's password to enter his Facebook account for a short period. Now five American states have made laws giving executors control over the social-networking accounts of dead users.
But this raises the subject of privacy. Passing music on is one thing; not everyone may want their relatives to read their e-mails. Colin Pearson, a London-based lawyer, says access should come only with a clear provision in a will.
But laws, wills and password safes may be contrary to the providers' terms of service, especially when the executor is in one country and the data in another. Headaches for the living and lots of lovely work for lawyers.
1.Why does Loren begin to think over how to bequeath his digital property at the age of 58?
A. Because he is afraid his children don't know what paper is.
B. Because there's no complete law dealing with digital property.
C. Because his digital property is of great value and importance.
D. Because he is worried his children will be taken to court.
2.Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. Digital property is assessed in terms of nothing except money.
B. No laws in America have been made to deal with digital property.
C. The relatives may read the e－mail of the dead without permission.
D. Lawyers can make money through cases about digital property.
3.Facebook, Google and Apple have a similar rule that ________．
A. users are offered accounts used by nobody else except users themselves
B. relatives of the dead may close an account or use it at their own will
C. the executor may enter the e－mail and read it by themselves at any time
D. the data downloaded by the dead will be copied and then deleted from net
4.Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage?
A. Digital Information B. Testamentary Laws
C. Deathless Data D. Vital Property
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科目：高中英語 來源：2012-2013學(xué)年天津市高三第三次月考英語卷（解析版） 題型：其他題
How to Argue with Your Boss
Before you argue with your boss, check with the boss’s secretary to determine his mood. If he ate nails for breakfast, it is not a good idea to ask him for something. Even without the boss’s secretary, there are keys to timing: don’t approach the boss when he’s on deadline; don’t go in right before lunch, when he is apt to be distracted and rushed; don’t go in just before or after he has taken a vacation.
If you’re mad, that will only make your boss mad. Calm down first. And don’t let a particular concern open the floodgates for all your accumulated frustration. The boss will feel that you think negatively about the company and it is hopeless trying to change your mind. Then, maybe he will dismiss you.
Terrible disputes can result when neither the employer nor the employee knows what is the problem the other wants to discuss. Sometimes the fight will go away when the issues are made clear. The employee has to get his point across clearly in order to make the boss understand it.
Your boss has enough on his mind without your adding more. If you can’t put forward an immediate solution, at least suggest how to approach the problem. People who frequently present problems without solutions to their boss may soon find they can’t get past the secretary.
To deal effectively with a boss, it’s important to consider his goals and pressures. If you can put yourself in the position of being a partner to the boss, then he will be naturally more inclined to work with you to achieve your goals.
1.Paragraph 2 ______
2.Paragraph 3 ______
3.Paragraph 4 ______
4.Paragraph 5 ______
A. Keep Your Voice Low All the Time
B. Put Yourself in the Boss’s Position
C. Propose Your Solution
D. Don’t Go in When You Are Angry
E. Make the Issue Clear
F. Never Give in
5.If you want to ask the boss for anything, it is important to find out first _________.
6.It is necessary to make clear to the boss ___________.
7.It is not wise to present the boss with a problem ___________.
8.You must be considerate and think of the troubles ____________.
A. to give the boss your advice
B. how he is feeling
C. the boss may have
D. what you really want to talk to him about
E. without suggesting a way to solve it
F. how unhappy you are
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科目：高中英語 來源：2014屆遼寧朝陽柳城高級中學(xué)高二上學(xué)期期末考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Do you constantly use the computer, whether for learning or entertainment? Computers give off radiation(輻射) that is bad for your health, but here are some ways to protect yourself from computer radiation.
__1___Green tea can be absorbed by the body easily into a form of vitamin A, which helps reduce radiation.__2__
It is advisable to attach a radiation filter plate(輻射過濾板)in front of your computer’s screen. Make sure to avoid putting any mental substances near your computer as these may have reflected some of the electromagnetic waves that are harmful to your health. __3__ The brighter the screen the higher the radiation there will be and vice versa.
You can also put some radiation-absorbing plants such as several cacti near your computer to prevent radiation.
Make sure you do a skincare protection before sitting in front of the computer .
___4__Wash your face soon after using the computer in order to reduce 70% of the radiation.
__ 5___ Old computer in general, has one to two times more radiation released than the new one within the same distance.
A．And adjust the brightness of your computer screen.
B．Apply a layer of facial mask to protect yourself.
C．And adjust the sound level on your computer.
D．The most efficient way is by drinking some coffee regularly.
E.The simple way is by drinking 2 or 3 cups of green tea every day.
F.If possible, purchase a new computer instead of using an old model computer.
G.It also helps keep our eyes see things clearly in the dark by improving the visual ability.
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科目：高中英語 來源：2012-2013學(xué)年江蘇省高三期初（暑期）檢測英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
請認(rèn)真閱讀下列短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。
注意：1. 每空格1個單詞。2.所有答案寫在答題紙指定位置，否則不計分。
Searching for the truth
Collecting and writing news is like researching in history: the best information comes from those who were there at the time. So if' we want to study the history of China in the sixth century AD, we look at the writings of the people who lived then. They are called the primary sources because they tell us what it was like to live then. People at a much later date who write about the same events are called the secondary sources. For example, when we read the original writings of Jia Sixie on agriculture, we are reading a primary source; when we read about Jia Sixie in our textbook we are reading secondary source because the passage was written about him and his ideas many years after he died.
When we make news, we use primary and secondary sources. We can see this most clearly in TV programmes. As we watch the news on TV, the person presenting the programme in the studio is the secondary source( because he tells us about the news) and the reporter in Iraq or Washington is the primary source (because he is telling us about what is actually happening there). Without these reporters acting as primary sources, you would never find out what really happened in a war, earthquake, sports meeting, concert or festival. These reporters explain what is happening, so we have a clearer idea of what is going on there. They often take photographers with them who act as primary source by giving pictures of events.
In a newspaper, the position is different because these two roles are often combined. This means a reporter who investigates a story may be the same person who writes it. If this happens, the reporter is both the primary and the secondary source. But the photographer who works with him/her is still a primary source.
One of the reasons that it is important to separate primary and secondary sources is that they help us to decide what is a fact and what is an opinion. A fact is something that everybody agrees has happened. An opinion is somebody's idea of what happened. So facts and opinions are often mixed in any report, whether in a newspaper or on TV.
|
Primary Source |
Primary sources are the writing of' the people who lived at (1)________time and offer an inside view of a particular event. |
|
Secondary source |
Secondary sources are the writings of the people who write about the same events at a much later date with explanation and analysis (2)_________ on primary sources. |
|
News on TV |
The TV (3)__________ in the studio is the secondary source while the reporter on the (4) ____________ is the primary source. |
|
News in a newspaper |
A newspaper reporter can be both primary and secondary source if he collects the information and then (5) ___________ the news. But the photographer(6) _________ with the reporter is always a primary source. |
|
Fact |
A fact is something that everybody agrees has happened. In other (7)____________, it is something that is (8) ___________. |
|
Opinion |
An opinion is somebody's idea of what (9)___________ on. |
|
Conclusion |
Primary and secondary sources are both important for (10)_______ the truth. |
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