Question

As if there weren’t enough of them in the world already, scientists have succeeded in cloning flies. The alike fruit flies are the first insects ever cloned, says the Canadian team that created them. The question everyone asks is why anyone would want to clone flies in the first place. She hopes that the insects , which are very easy to experiment with , will help to adjust the cloning process in other animals and even in humans, where the technique is being researched to aid production of therapeutic (治療的) stem cells.
In cloning, the DNA-containing nucleus of an adult cell is injected into an egg whose own nucleus(細(xì)胞核) has been removed. At the moment, the majority of cloned mice, sheep and other animals die before birth. It is thought this is because the adult DNA is not properly ‘reprogrammed’.
Using flies, researchers might discover genes that are important for this reprogramming, and that have matches in other animals. That is because it is relatively easy in flies to knock out the function of a single gene and then attempt cloning with these cells, which will test whether that gene is important. If such genes are confirmed, then in theory cloned mammalian embryos(晶胚) might be grown in selected solutions that change the activity of those genes to improve the technique’s success rate. Although some groups have attempted to clone insects before, Lloyd says this is the first time it has been successful. The team used a slight difference on the standard cloning process: they transferred nuclei taken from embryos rather than fully-grown adult cells. They sucked several nuclei (pl)out of developing fly embryos, and injected them into a fertilized(已受精的) fly egg. From over 800 early attempts, they cloned five adult insects, the group reports in the journal Genetics.

1. 1.
   The best title of this passage probably is _______.
   1. A.
      The importance of clone
   2. B.
      First insects are cloned
   3. C.
      The disagreement in clone
   4. D.
      The advantages of clone
2. 2.
   The scientists cloned flies because________.
   1. A.
      there are fewer and fewer flies in the world
   2. B.
      flies are easy to find and cheap to use
   3. C.
      they can gain some experience before cloning other animals
   4. D.
      it is safe to clone flies
3. 3.
   The failure of most cloned animals is due to _______.
   1. A.
      the difference of other animals’ genes
   2. B.
      the improper technique of clone
   3. C.
      the complex of other animals
   4. D.
      the improper rearrange of the adult gene
4. 4.
   It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ______.
   1. A.
      the clone of insects before used grown-up cells
   2. B.
      the clone of insects were never experimented before
   3. C.
      this time scientists cloned flies successfully and easily
   4. D.
      based on this success, other animals will be cloned in large quantities.

Answer 1

BCCA
文章介紹了科學(xué)家克隆了蒼蠅的原理及相關(guān)情況。
1.B 細(xì)節(jié)題。文章注意討論的就是第一個(gè)被克隆的昆蟲-蒼蠅。
2.C 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第一段She hopes that the insects , which are very easy to experiment with 可知C正確。
3.C 推理題。根據(jù)文章第三段That is because it is relatively easy in flies to knock out the function of a single gene and then attempt cloning with these cells。正是因?yàn)樯n蠅相對比較簡單一點(diǎn)，二其他動物比較復(fù)雜，故C正確。
4.A 推理題。根據(jù)第二段的the DNA-containing nucleus of an adult cell is injected into an egg whose own nucleus(細(xì)胞核) has been removed.中的an adult cell可知以前克隆昆蟲用的成年的細(xì)胞。故A正確。