12.A new study,done by a private American organization called Population Action International,warns that about thirty percent of the world's people may not have enough water by the year 2025.It also says over 335million people in 28countries lack enough water now,most of which are in Africa or the Middle East.
PAI researcher Robert Engelman says by the year 2025,about 3,000million people may lack water.At least 18more countries are expected to have severe water problems.The demand for water keeps increasing.Yet the amount of water on Earth stays the same.
Mr.Engelman says the population in countries lacking water is growing faster than in other parts of the world.He says population growth in these countries will continue to increase.
The report says lack of water may result in several problems.It may increase health problems.Lack of water often means drinking water is not safe.Mr.Engelman says there are problems all over the world because of diseases,such as cholera,which are carried in water.Lack of water may also result in more international conflicts.Countries may have to compete for water in the future.Some countries now get 60% of their fresh water from other countries.This is true of Egypt,the Netherlands,Cambodia,Syria,Sudan,and Iraq.
The PAI study gives several solutions(解決辦法)to the water problem.One way,it says,is to find ways to use water for more than one purpose.Another way is to teach people not to waste water.A third way is to use less water for agriculture.The report also says long-term solutions to the water problem must include controlling population growth.
59.According to the report,which is the reason for lack of water?C
A.International conflicts.
B.Serious water pollution.
C.Increasing demand for water.
D.Using water for more than one purpose.
60.Which of the following statements is true?B
A.The amount of water on earth is becoming less.
B.Lack of water may cause some health problems such as cholera.
C.28countries in Africa or the Middle East lack enough water now.
D.Egypt,China,and Iraq get 60% of the fresh water from other countries.
61.How many ways to solve the water problem are mentioned in the passage?C
A.1. B.2. C.4. D.5.
62.We can know from the study done by PAI thatD.
A.the population will stop growing because of lack of water
B.a(chǎn)bout 3,000million people in the world lack water at present
C.lack of water may occur in fewer countries in Africa by 2025
D.we need to control population growth to solve the water problems.
分析 本文屬于科教類的短文閱讀.文章主要講了世界水資源的匱乏,分析了這種現(xiàn)象存在的原因以及解決此問題的一些辦法.
解答 CBCD
59.C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第二段The demand for water keeps increasing.Yet the amount of water on Earth stays the same.可知,由于對水的需求量一直在增加,而地球上的出水量固定,所以導(dǎo)致了水資源的匱乏;故選C.
60.B.推理判斷題.根據(jù)第二段Yet the amount of water on Earth stays the same.可知,地球水資源的數(shù)量保持不變,A項錯誤;根據(jù)第三段中The report says lack of water may result in several problems.It may increase health problems.可知,B項表述正確;根據(jù)第一段中It also says over 335million people in 28countries lack enough water now,most of which are in Africa or the Middle East.可知,現(xiàn)在28個國家中的3.35億人嚴(yán)重缺水,大部分位于非洲和中東國家,C項的描述不準(zhǔn)確,可排除;由倒數(shù)第二段中Some countries now get 60% of their fresh water from other countries.This is true of Egypt,the Netherlands,Cambodia,Syria,Sudan,and Iraq.可知,從其他國家獲得60%淡水的國家不包括中國,D表述錯誤,也可排除;故選B.
61.C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)最后一段A third way is to use less water for agriculture.The report also says long-term solutions to the water problem must include controlling population growth.可知,解決辦法總共列舉了四種;故選C.
62.D.推理判斷題.文章最后一句The report also says long-term solutions to the water problem must include controlling population growth.說明解決用水匱乏的長遠(yuǎn)辦法還是控制人口的增長;故選D.
點評 考察學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力,做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時一定要找到文章中的原句,和題干進行比較,再做出正確的選擇.在做推理判斷題不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實,要根據(jù)文章事實進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷