19．Women are friendly．But men are more competitive．Why？Researchers have found it's all down to the hormone oxytocin （荷爾蒙催生素）．Although known as the love hormone，it affects the sexes differently．
"Women tend to be social in their behavior．They often share with others．But men tend to be competitive．They are trying to improve their social status，"said Professor Ryan．
Generally，people believe that the hormone oxytocin is let out in our body in various social situations and our body creates a large amount of it during positive social interactions （互動） such as falling in love or giving birth．
But in a previous experiment Professor Ryan found that the hormone is also let out in our body during negative social interactions such as envy．
Further researches showed that in men the hormone oxytocin improves the ability to recognize competitive relationships，but in women it raises the ability to recognize friendship．
Professor Ryan's recent experiment used 62 men and women aged 20 to 37．Half of the participants（參與者）received oxytocin．The other half received placebo （安慰劑）．
After a week，the two groups switched with participants．They went through the same procedure with the other material．
Following each treatment，they were shown some video pictures with different social interactions．Then they were asked to analyze the relationships by answering some questions．The questions were about telling friendship from competition．And their answers should be based on gestures，body language and facial expressions．
The results indicated that，after treatment with oxytocin，men's ability to correctly recognize competitive relationships improved，but in women it was the ability to correctly recognize friendship that got better．
Professor Ryan thus concluded："Our experiment proves that the hormone oxytocin can raise people's abilities to better distinguish different social interactions．And the behavior differences between men and women are caused by biological factors （因素） that are mainly hormonal．"
25．What causes men and women to behave differently according to the text？B
A．Placebo．B．Oxytocin．C．The gesture．D．The social status．
26．What can we learn from Professor Ryan's previous experiment？C
A．Oxytocin affects our behavior in a different way．
B．Our body lets out oxytocin when we are deep in love．
C．Our body produces oxytocin when we feel unhappy about others'success．
D．Oxytocin improves our abilities to understand people's behavior differences．
27．Why did Professor Ryan conduct the recent experiment？A
A．To test the effect of oxytocin on the ability to recognize social interactions．
B．To know the differences between friendship and competition．
C．To know people's different abilities to answer questions．
D．To test people's understanding of body language．
28．The author develops the text byD．
A．explaining people's behaviors
B．describing his own experiences
C．distinguishing sexual differences
D．discussing research experiments．
分析 本文主要介紹了一些有關(guān)荷爾蒙催生素的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：荷爾蒙催生素造成了男女之間社交態(tài)度的差異；以及Ryan教授以前的與更進一步的實驗結(jié)果：在消極的社會交往中，例如嫉妒時，荷爾蒙也會從我們體內(nèi)釋放出來；荷爾蒙催生素還能提升人們更好地區(qū)分不同社交互動的能力等．
解答 BCAD
25 B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題 根據(jù)第一段"Women are friendly．But men are more competitive．Why？Researchers have found it's all down to the hormone oxytocin （荷爾蒙催生素）"可知，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)女人友好，男人更具競爭力，這一切都取決于荷爾蒙催生素；故選B
26C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題 根據(jù)第三段"But in a previous experiment Professor Ryan found that the hormone is also let out in our body during negative social interactions such as envy"可知，在 Ryan 教授以前的一次試驗中發(fā)現(xiàn)，在消極的社會交往中，例如嫉妒時，荷爾蒙也會從我們體內(nèi)釋放出來；故選C
27 A 細(xì)節(jié)推理題 根據(jù)最后一段Ryan教授得出的結(jié)論"Our experiment proves that the hormone oxytocin can raise people's abilities to better distinguish different social interactions．"可知，他實驗的目的在于證實了荷爾蒙催生素能提升人們更好地區(qū)分不同社交互動的能力；故選A
28 D 內(nèi)容歸納題 通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了一些有關(guān)荷爾蒙催生素的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，以及Ryan教授與之相關(guān)的以前的與更進一步的實驗結(jié)果；故選D
點評 一、速讀全文，了解大意知主題．
閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個方面．閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力．考生必須在十分有限的時間內(nèi)運用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀，搜尋關(guān)鍵詞、主題句，捕捉時空、順序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點，并且理清文章脈絡(luò)，把握語篇實質(zhì)．
二、看題干，帶著問題讀文章．
首先要掌握問題的類型，客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案；而主觀判斷題考查的是對文章的感情基調(diào)等，這類題必須經(jīng)過對作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對整篇文章進行深一層的推理等．其次，了解試題題干以及各個選項所包含的信息，然后有針對性地對文章進行掃讀，對有關(guān)信息進行快速定位．此法加強了閱讀的針對性，提高了做題的準(zhǔn)確率．
三、邏輯推理，做好深層理解題．
在實際閱讀中，有時作者并未把意圖說出來，閱讀者要根據(jù)字面意思，通過語篇邏輯關(guān)系，研究細(xì)節(jié)的暗示，推敲作者的態(tài)度，理解文章的寓義．要求讀者對文字的表面信息進行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理，不能就事論事，以偏概全．推理題在提問中常用的詞有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等．
四、猜詞悟義，掃除閱讀攔路虎．
猜詞是應(yīng)用英語的重要能力．它不但需要準(zhǔn)確無誤地理解上下文，而且要有較大的泛讀量，掌握或認(rèn)識較多的課外詞匯．我們要學(xué)會"順藤摸瓜"，通過構(gòu)詞，語法，定義，同位，對比，因果，常識，上下文等線索確定詞義．
