20.Children who suffer from frequent nightmares or night terrors may be at an increased risk of mental illness in adolescence,said a new study published Friday in the U.S.journal SLEEP,
It showed that children with frequent nightmares before the age of 12were 3.5times more likely to suffer from mental problems in early adolescence.
About three in every four children experience nightmares at this young age,which can reduce as they grow older.They occur in the second half of sleep during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep.Those who have experienced them will often wake up suddenly with a sense of fear,worry and possible palpitations(心悸).
Night terrors,a sleep disorder,differ from nightmares and occur during deep sleep (non-REM) cycles in the first half of the night.A night terror is often signified by a loud scream and the individual sitting upright in a scared state,though unaware of any of the involuntary action.The violent movement of limbs(肢體) and rapid body movements are witnessed in more extreme cases.Children wake up in the morning unaware of their activity throughout the night.
"We certainly don't want to worry parents with this news.However,nightmares over a prolonged period or night terrors that continued into adolescence can be an early indicator of something more important in later life,"Wolke said.
The researchers advised parents to create an environment that allows for the best possible quality of sleep for their child."Diet is a key part of this,such as avoiding sugary drinks before bed,"co-author Helen Fisher of King's College London said."But at that young age we'd always recommend removing any affecting stimuli(刺激) from the bedroom--be it television,video games or otherwise.That's the most practical change you can make."
The researchers said the study is important because an early warning sign may lead to early intervention(干預(yù)) that is important to help avoid children suffering mental illness when they reach adulthood.
47.What is the passage mainly about?D
A.The differences between nightmares and night terrors.
B.How to reduce nightmares and night terrors.
C.Why children have nightmares and night terrors.
D.Frequent nightmares and night terrors may affect children's mental health.
48.Which of the following best shows the differences between nightmares and night terrors?A
A.Conscious nightmares,unconscious night terrors
B.Unconscious nightmares,conscious night terrors
C.Earlier nightmares,later night terrors
D.Common nightmares,rare night terrors.
49.Which of the following statements is true?B
A.Most children experience very frequent nightmares.
B.Younger children suffer more from frequent nightmares and night terrors.
C.Night terrors can not be observed.
D.Nightmares and night terrors increase with age going on.
50.What can parents do to help reduce nightmares or night terrors?D
A.Worry about their children's nightmares and night terrors.
B.Let their children drink some Coco cola.
C.Watch TV or play computer games with their children.
D.Create a comfortable and peaceful sleeping environment.
分析 本文屬于說(shuō)明文閱讀,作者通過(guò)這篇文章主要向我們描述了新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)經(jīng)常做噩夢(mèng)或夜驚可能增加孩子在青春期患有精神疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn).
解答 47.D.主旨大意題.根據(jù)第一段Children who suffer from frequent nightmares or night terrors may be at an increased risk of mental illness in adolescence,said a new study published Friday in the U.S.journal SLEEP可知文章的主要內(nèi)容是頻繁的噩夢(mèng)和夜間恐怖可能影響兒童的心理健康;故選D.
48.A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第三段Those who have experienced them will often wake up suddenly with a sense of fear,worry and possible palpitations第四段Children wake up in the morning unaware of their activity throughout the night可知噩夢(mèng)和夜驚的區(qū)別區(qū)別是噩夢(mèng)是有意識(shí)的,夜驚是無(wú)意識(shí)的;故選A.
49.B.推理判斷題.根據(jù)第三段About three in every four children experience nightmares at this young age,which can reduce as they grow older可知年輕的孩子遭受更多的噩夢(mèng)和夜驚;故選B.
50.D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第五段The researchers advised parents to create an environment that allows for the best possible quality of sleep for their child可知父母能通過(guò)創(chuàng)造舒適和平的睡眠環(huán)境來(lái)幫助減少噩夢(mèng)或夜驚;故選D.
點(diǎn)評(píng) 考察學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力,做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時(shí)一定要找到文章中的原句,和題干進(jìn)行比較,再做出正確的選擇.在做推理判斷題不要以個(gè)人的主觀想象代替文章的事實(shí),要根據(jù)文章事實(shí)進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷.