Question

【題目】下面文章中有5個段落需要添加首句（第1～5題）。請從以下選項（A、B、C、D、E和F）中選出適合各段落的首句，并在答題紙上將相應(yīng)選項的標號涂黑。選項中有一項是多余選項。

A. Be totally engaged.

B. Structure your free time.

C. Learn to enjoy your work.

D. Concentrate on one activity.

E. Avoid working with unhappy colleagues.

F. Look for a job where you have some control.

Five Simplification Steps to Experiencing Happiness

Happiness is never a permanent condition; it is made up of individual conditions that give rise to happiness. The Hungarian-American psychologist Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi calls this condition “flow”: becoming so absorbed in an activity that nothing else seems to matter. You cannot manufacture happiness — but you can prepare the soil for happiness to grow. Researchers have found the following five qualifications in their studies of happy people.

【1】______ Your working environment has a major influence on your experience of happiness. If you are surrounded by staff who grumble and have a negative attitude, it will be much more difficult for you to experience flow than it would be on a harmonious team. Identify clearly which people in your working environment suffer from chronic unhappiness and might infect you with it on an unconscious level. Keep a greater distance from those people or ask for a transfer.

【2】____ People who have to devote their attention to several activities at once are unable to get into the flow. You will be able to experience those moments of happiness only when you engage in an activity with your whole being.

【3】_____ People who experience flow have managed to turn the restrictions of their working environment into opporunities. They see themselves as the criterion (標準) for their quality. Recognition from others or money they earn recede into the background. Among the people who Csikszentmihalyi discovered to be experiencing the greatest degree of happiness, there was a very simple worker in a steel mill who was popular with everyone on account of his specialized knowledge and willingness to help.

【4】______ People who feel like victims and don’t live but “are lived” lose their ability to enjoy themselves even if their work is exemplary. So change your job, even if the new one doesn’t pay as well or is less prestigious (有聲望的) . People who find happiness in their work will work so well that sooner or later they will profit, even on the level of money and prestige.

【5】______ Astonishingly, work is easier to enjoy than free time. Working life includes goals, rules, and challenges. On the other hand, free time is unstructured and it takes effort to organize it in such a way as to make it enjoyable. So don’t be reluctant to plan your free time and structure it deliberately. People who don’t waste their free time have a more positive awareness of life; they live longer and they are less often sick. However, people who spend their time at work looking forward eagerly to going home and to the weekend seldom experience flow. Only 18% of all those questioned by Csikszentmihalyi experienced flow in the context of free time, and in almost all cases where they did, it was in the context of an organized hobby.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】E

【2】D

【3】C

【4】F

【5】B

【解析】

試題分析:文章主要講述開心不是永恒的，介紹了5個小方法：不要和悲觀的同事一起工作、一次專注一件事情、享受自己的工作、找一位你能控制的工作以及合理安排時間。

【1】E 考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。這一段講述了工作環(huán)境對開心的影響，后句的If you are surrounded by staff who grumble and have a negative attitude就說明了不要和悲觀的同事一起工作。與E選項內(nèi)容Avoid working with unhappy colleagues.相對應(yīng)，故選E

【2】D 考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)后一句People who have to devote their attention to several activities at once are unable to get into the flow.可知有些人一次專注太多活動反而得不到什么。人要一次專注一項活動，與D選項內(nèi)容Concentrate on one activity.相對應(yīng)，故選D

【3】C 考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。這一段的主旨就是享受你的工作，無論你的工作是什么，與C選項內(nèi)容 Learn to enjoy your work.相對應(yīng)，故選C

【4】F 考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)后面People who feel like victims and don’t live but “are lived” lose their ability to enjoy themselves even if their work is exemplary. 可知人們感覺自己像幸存者一樣被動的或者，所以人們要對自己的工作有一定的掌控力，而不是倍牽著鼻子走，與F選項內(nèi)容Look for a job where you have some control.相對應(yīng)，故選F

【5】B 考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)Astonishingly, work is easier to enjoy than free time.找到了關(guān)鍵字眼free time，與B選項內(nèi)容Structure your free time.相對應(yīng)，故選B