13．With its fascinating and artistic accompanying music，singing and costumes，the Peking Opera is China's national opera．Full of Chinese cultural facts，the opera presents the audience with an encyclopedia（百科全書(shū)）of Chinese culture，as well as developing stories，beautiful paintings，magnificent costumes，graceful gestures and martial arts．Since Peking Opera enjoys a higher reputation than other local operas，almost every province in China has more than one Peking Opera troupe．Opera is so popular among Chinese people，especially seniors，that even"Peking Opera Month"has been declared．
Peking Opera's main tune originated from Xipi and Erhuang in Anhui and Hubei and，over time，techniques from many other local operas were incorporated into Peking Opera．
It is believed that Peking Opera gradually came into being after 1790when the famous four Anhui opera troupes came to Beijing．Peking Opera experienced fast development during the period of Emperor Qianlong and the infamous Empress Cixi，eventually becoming more accessible to the common people．
In ancient times，Peking Opera was performed mostly on stage in the open air，teahouses or temple courtyards．Since the orchestra played loudly，the performers developed a sharp style of singing．The costumes were a gorgeous collection of sharply contrasting colors to stand out on the stage lighted only by oil lamps．Peking Opera is a harmonious combination of the Grand Opera，ballet and acrobatics （雜技），consisting of dance，dialogue and martial arts．
The Peking Opera band mainly consists of an orchestra and percussion（打擊樂(lè)器）band．The former frequently accompanies peaceful scenes while the latter provides the right atmosphere for battle scenes．The orchestral instruments include the Erhu，Huqin，Yueqin，Sheng，Pipa and other instruments．The band usually sits on the left side of the stage．
Title：（71）Peking Opera
（72）HistoryMore than 200 years long
 
（73）Origin		It came into being after 1790 when the four （74）Anhui Opera troupescame to Beijing．
Its main tune （75）based onon Xipi and Erhuang．
Its techniques adopted many other local operas．
 
Artistic
（76）features/characteristics		A harmonious combination of the Grand Opera，ballet and acrobatics，consisting of dance，dialogue and （77）martial arts
Mostly performed on stage in the open air，teahouses or temple courtyards
（78）A sharp styleof singing
The costumes looks luxury and brilliant．
The Peking Opera bandAn orchestraAtmosphere（79）instruments
Peaceful scenesErhu，Huqin，Yueqin，Sheng，Pipa and so on．
A percussionBattle scenesNot mentioned
InfluenceWell-received by Chinese people，especially （80）seniors

分析 中國(guó)的京劇有著200多年的歷史．從1790年四大徽班進(jìn)京開(kāi)始，就受到人們的廣泛喜愛(ài)，尤其是老年人．京劇的特色有服裝、唱腔、表演和配以各種樂(lè)器，所以京劇被稱(chēng)為活的中國(guó)文化的百科全書(shū)．

解答 71．Peking Opera 72．History 73．Origin
74．Anhui Opera troupes 75．based on 76．features/characteristics    
77．martial arts 78．A sharp style 79．instruments 80．seniors
71．Peking Opera 全文介紹的是中國(guó)的京�。灶}目是Peking Opera．
72．History 根據(jù)后面的More than 200 years long可知本項(xiàng)說(shuō)的是京劇的歷史：History．
73．Origin 根據(jù)It came into being after 1790可知，這一部分介紹的是京劇的起源：Origin．
74．Anhui Opera troupes 根據(jù)Peking Opera gradually came into being after 1790 when the famous four Anhui opera troupes came to Beijing．可知是徽班進(jìn)京：Anhui Opera troupes．
75．based on 根據(jù)Peking Opera's main tune originated from Xipi and Erhuang in Anhui and Hubei可知，京劇主要以西皮和二黃為基礎(chǔ)：is based．
76．features/characteristics 根據(jù)后面介紹的服裝、演出地點(diǎn)、藝術(shù)形式等此項(xiàng)在說(shuō)京劇的特色：features/characteristics．
77．martial arts 根據(jù)consisting of dance，dialogue and martial arts．可知填martial arts（武術(shù)）．
78．A sharp style 根據(jù)Since the orchestra played loudly，the performers developed a sharp style of singing．可知填A(yù) sharp style（犀利的演唱風(fēng)格．）
79．instruments 根據(jù)下面的二胡、胡琴、月琴、笙、琵琶可知填這些都是樂(lè)器instruments．
80．seniors 根據(jù)Opera is so popular among Chinese people，especially seniors可知填seniors（老年人）．

點(diǎn)評(píng) 任務(wù)型閱讀首先是一篇閱讀理解．為了確保對(duì)文章準(zhǔn)確深刻理解，同時(shí)提高解題速度，最終能順利完成該項(xiàng)任務(wù)，考生必須做到：
       1．注重平時(shí)詞匯記憶，熟練掌握考綱詞匯中常用詞匯的詞性轉(zhuǎn)化．
       2．了解文章的結(jié)構(gòu)，把握全篇的文，即句與句、段與段之間的邏輯關(guān)系．
       3．加強(qiáng)限時(shí)閱讀訓(xùn)練，尤其是詞數(shù)在400～550之間的較長(zhǎng)篇幅的閱讀訓(xùn)練．
       4．系統(tǒng)訓(xùn)練，循序漸進(jìn)，最終達(dá)到相應(yīng)的解題能力要求．

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