15.In offering Michael Jackson ticket holders the choice to take a refund or receive their unusable tickets as souvenirs,AEG have introduced music fans to one of the most unmanageable problems in the mathematical sciences.If nearly everybody takes the refund then the tickets,designed by the King of Pop himself,will become collectors'items and worth a fortune.However,if ail 750,000fans take their tickets then they will all hold worthless bits of fancy paper.
The choice facing fans is similar to the El Farol bar problem,which has been the subject of hundreds of academic papers and inspired a whole field:minority game theory.That is,if you reason that every Michael Jackson fan will take a refund then you should take the ticket,but they will reason in the same way and there will be a flood of souvenirs,so you should ask for your money back,but then…
So,with the benefit of the hundreds of academic papers from scientists around the world,what should a Times reader who holds a ticket do?The research tells us that,if you assume everybody else will use the same strategy as you,then the best you can do is to throw a dice(骰子):deciding whether or not to keep the ticket according to a probability determined by demand for tickets and price.However,working out the probability is tough and most fans,without the benefit of minority game theory,won't be tossing a dice.
There is one huge factor in the Michael Jackson problem which isn't in the standard El Farol bar problem.Hype (炒作)•If the owners of the El Farol bar distributed fliers (傳單) announcing it was going to be quiet next week,then it would be a safe bet to stay at home with a glass of wine.So my advice would be to read the newspapers and decide what to do on the basis of the experts'advice.If all the articles you read say the tickets will be collectors'items then ask for a refund,and if they all accuse AEG of cheating crazy fans then take the ticket.It was,after ail,designed by Michael Jackson.
67.In the Para 1,the underlined part"the King of Pop"refers toB.
A.El Farol B.Michael Jackson
C.A ticket holder D.A souvenir keeper
68.The burning problem Michael Jackson ticket holders have to deal with isC.
A.what advice to take B.how to get their money back
C.how to deal with the tickets D.how to make a fortune
69.It isn't said but implied that"minority game theory"is a theory aboutA
A.people's reasoning
B.Jackson's strategy
C.experts'advice
D.minority's bet
70.What the writer advises the ticket holders to do isC.
A.to throw a dice
B.to follow the experts
C.to read the newspaper
D.to take the ticket.
分析 文章講述了邁克爾•杰克遜演唱會(huì)門(mén)票的持有人面臨的問(wèn)題是:如何處理門(mén)票,即退票或?qū)⑵绷糇骷o(jì)念,并建議人們多讀報(bào)紙,然后依據(jù)專家的建議決定做什么.
解答 67-70 BCAC
67題答案是B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)designed by the King of Pop himself和It was,after ail,designed by Michael Jackson.可知流行音樂(lè)之王是指邁克爾•杰克遜.故選B.
68題答案是C.推理判斷題.通讀全文可知,邁克爾•杰克遜演唱會(huì)門(mén)票的持有人面臨的問(wèn)題是:如何處理門(mén)票,即退票或?qū)⑵绷糇骷o(jì)念.故選C.
69題答案是A.推理判斷題.根據(jù)第二段最后一句可以推斷,minority game theory 是關(guān)于人們的推理的理論.故選A.
70題答案是C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)最后一段中的"So my advice would be to read the newspapers and decide what to do on the basis of the experts'advice."建議是讀報(bào)紙,然后依據(jù)專家的建議決定做什么.故選C.
點(diǎn)評(píng) 本文是政治經(jīng)濟(jì)類閱讀理解.做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍,做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析,結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案.推理判斷題也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案,切忌胡亂猜測(cè),一定要做到有理有據(jù).