【題目】閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Woodblock painting(木版畫)are often hung at homes during the Chinese Lunar New Year.

For many Chinese, the bright-colored paintings are quite time-limited. As soon as the festival comes to an end, these print works are at once thrown away. 1, these short-lives New Year paintings require a year of hard work by the artists, many of 2 have devoted their entire life to this traditional folk art.

Yang Luoshu, a 92-year-old man from Weifang City, Shandong Province, is 3 those who have had a great love of the art. Yang has worked as 4 craftsman for 77 years, and has kept improving his carving skills with every piece of work.

Yangjiabu New Year woodblock paintings, which Yang has fallen in love with, 5(appear) in the Ming Dynasty. As a national cultural heritage, it is now one of China’s three 6(representative) of traditional folk paintings for the New Year, together with Tianjin’s Yangliuqing and Suzhou’s Taohuawu.

7(run) a centuries-old folk art family workshop named Tongshunde, Yang has carved all kinds of images, including flowers, birds, mountains, rivers and traditional Chinese gods. But he realizes that something must be changed 8(make) sure handmade New Year paintings live on. “We are now thinking about development, allowing the paintings to be more 9(create).” he said. For him, the next thing to do is to find qualified successors to ensure that the skills 10(pass) to younger generations.

【答案】

1However

2whom

3among

4a

5appeared

6representatives

7Running

8to make

9creative

10will be passed/ are passed

【解析】本文是一篇人物傳記。本文主要介紹了寒亭楊家埠,它與天津楊柳青、蘇州桃花塢齊名,是中國三大木版年畫產(chǎn)地之一,并以濃厚、淳樸的鄉(xiāng)土氣息和別具特色的制作工藝而馳名中外,是中國民間藝術(shù)寶庫中的一朵奇葩。在這里,有一位被譽為“濰坊楊家埠木版年畫活化石”的人物,他叫楊洛書。

1考查連詞。句意:然而,那些短壽命的新年畫要求一個手工藝人一年的艱苦工作。表示“然而”,所以填However。

2考查非限制性定語從句。many of ____2____ have devoted their entire life to this traditional folk art.作定語,修飾the artists,且有逗號和主句隔開,所以many of ____2____ have devoted their entire life to this traditional folk art.是一個非限制性定語從句,介詞 + 關(guān)系代詞引導的定語從句,指人,只能用whom,所以填whom。

3考查介詞。句意:楊洛書,一位來自濰坊的92歲老人,就是那些熱愛藝術(shù)的人之一。表示“在…之中,所以填among。

4考查冠詞。句意:楊洛書作為一名手藝人,工作了七十七年。泛指“一名手藝人”,且craftsman的首字母發(fā)音是輔音,所以填不定冠詞a。

5考查時態(tài)。分析句子可知,空格處做謂語動詞,表示發(fā)生在過去的事情,用一般過去時,所以填appeared。

6考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)。one of + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),表示“……中之一”,所以填representatives。

7考查非謂語動詞。run與其邏輯主語Yang之間是主動關(guān)系,所以用現(xiàn)在分詞,填Running。

8考查不定式。句意:為了確保手工藝新年畫得以繼續(xù)生存,他意識到有些東西必須被改變表示“為了……”,所以用不定式,填to make。

9考查形容詞。be動詞后用形容詞作表語,所以填creative。

10考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)本句既可用現(xiàn)在時也可用將來時,用現(xiàn)在時表示一種客觀的事實,用將來時表示將來要發(fā)生的事情。且the skillspass之間是被動關(guān)系,用被動語態(tài),綜上所述,用一般將來時的被動語態(tài)will be passed和一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)are passed均可。

一、帶to的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)

1.我們學過的能直接跟帶to的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞主要有:want, ask, tell, hope, learn, try, decide, forget, remember, like, love, stop, go, come等。

2.動詞不定式的否定形式是在不定式前直接加not, not to do sth. 例如:

Jim told me not to wake up Kate.吉姆告訴我別叫醒凱特。

二、不帶to的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)

以下幾種情況使用不帶to的動詞不定式

1.在固定詞組had better之后。注意:had better的否定形式是had better not do sth.。例如

You had better go home now.你最好現(xiàn)在回家。

It's cold outside. You'd better not go out.外面很冷你最好不要出去。

2.let, make, see, feel, watch, hear等感官或使役動詞后,要跟不帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語。例如:

I made them give me the money back. 我迫使他們把錢還給我。

I didn't see you come in.我沒看見你進來。

3.在引導疑問句的why not之后。

"Why not+不帶to的不定式"Why don't you do…的省略,可以用來提出建議或勸告。例如: Why not go with us?什么不和我們一起去呢? Why not take a holiday? =Why don't you take a holiday? 為什么不休個假呢?

三、動詞不定式作主語

動詞不定式作主語。例如

To master a language is not an easy thing.掌握一門語言不是一件容易的事情。

動詞不定式作主語時可以放在后面,而用it作形式主語放在原主語的位置上。例如

It's very kind of you to have given us much help. 你給了我們那么多的幫助真是太好了。

四、動詞不定式作定語

不定式作定語,要放在它所修飾的名詞或代詞的后面。例如

I have nothing to say on this question.對這個問題我無可奉告。

五、動詞不定式作賓語

有的及物動詞要求跟復(fù)合賓語(即賓語+賓語補足語)。如果其中的賓語是不定式短語,則必須將形式賓語it放在賓語的位置上,而將不定式短語(真正的賓語)放在賓語補足語之前。例如:I find it useful to learn English well.我發(fā)現(xiàn)學好英語很有用。

We thought it wrong not to tell her.我們認為不告訴她是錯誤的。

六、動詞不定式作賓語補足語

動詞不定式作賓語補足語是動詞不定式用法的一個重點,學習時要注意以下三種情況

1.作動詞ask, like, tell等的賓語補足語時,動詞不定式符號to不可以省略。例如

He asked me to talk about English study.他請我談?wù)動⒄Z學習。

2.作使役動詞let, have, make以及感官動詞feel, hear, see, watch等的賓語補足語時,動詞不定式符號to要省略。例如

The teacher made him say the word like this. 老師讓他像這樣說這個單詞。

3.作動詞help的賓語補足語時,動詞不定式符號to可以帶,也可以不帶。例如

Could you help me (to) carry the heavy box? 你能幫我搬這個重箱子嗎?

七、動詞不定式作狀語

動詞不定式及其短語具有副詞的特性,可在句中用作狀語。

1.放在句首也可以放在句尾表示目的等。例如:He stopped to have a rest.他停下來休息。

2.跟在作表語的形容詞或過去分詞的后面。例如

I'm sorry to hear that.聽到這事我感到很難過。

3.用在too... to...結(jié)構(gòu)中。例如

He is too young to understand all that.他太年輕了,不能理解這件事。

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