14.Most people will experience at least one wrong medical diagnosis in their lifetime,resulting in health problems,psychological suffering and financial cost,according to a new report.Because diagnostic errors are generally discovered in retrospect (回顧),researchers said more work needs to be done to improve medical teams and find ways to avoid errors that can change people's life in the distant future.
"Diagnosis is a collective effort that often involves a team of health care professionals----from primary care physicians to nurses,''said John Ball,chair of the committee which wrote the report."The type of a single physician observing a patient case and deciding a diagnosis is not always accurate,and a diagnostic error is not always due to human errors.Therefore,to make it possible to reduce diagnostic errors,we have to look more broadly at the entire process of how a diagnosis is made."
The researchers said there are not enough data on diagnostic errors,and efforts to improve diagnosis and reduce errors have not been frequent.The medical culture discourages transparency and makes it more difficult to correct them.The blame lies in cooperation and communication between members of medical teams treating patients,patients themselves,and their families.Besides this,researchers found the healthcare system is not designed for the collaboration needed in the diagnostic process and that diagnosis will continue to worsen if new ideas are not put forward.
The committee recommended more information,from electronic health records to test results,be made more easily available to families and caregivers,to help them better learn and understand what is going on with their health.Creating an environment for patients to question a diagnosis or add information about their condition could also help better influence diagnosis.
Most significantly,the researchers said methods need to be established to make communication between doctors and patients easier.Doctors currently are not encouraged or paid to communicate with patients as much as they should be.
46.It can be inferred from the new report thatA
A.diagnostic errors have a great influence on people
B.new ways are found to avoid diagnostic errors
C.nobody can avoid those diagnostic errors
D.diagnostic errors are difficult to be found
47.Why does the medical culture make the correction of diagnostic errors so difficult?D
A.For lack of advanced technological equipment.
B.For lack of strict rules of managing the medical environment.
C.For lack of enough professional knowledge about medicinal treatment.
D.For lack of cooperation and communication between physicians,patients and their families.
48.What does Para.4 mainly talk about?C
A.Researches on the diagnostic process
B.New ways to better protect patients
C.Advice on reducing diagnostic errors
D.Communication between patients and doctors
49.Why is communication between doctors and patients not much?B
A.Because of the different belief
B.Because of the medical situation
C.Because of being short of money
D.Because of the current rules
50.The passage most probably comes fromB.
A.a(chǎn) hospital advertisement
B.a(chǎn) medical magazine
C.a(chǎn) science book
D.a(chǎn) research report.
分析 本文是一篇社會文化類閱讀,屬于說明文,本文主要講述了診斷錯誤這一現(xiàn)象出現(xiàn)的原因,以及為減少診斷錯誤提出的建議.
解答 46.A.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)Most people will experience at least one wrong medical diagnosis in their lifetime,resulting in health problems,psychological suffering and financial cost可知,診斷錯誤對人有很大的影響.故選A.
47.D.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)The medical culture discourages transparency and makes it more difficult to correct them.The blame lies in cooperation and communication between members of medical teams treating patients,patients themselves,and their families.可知,醫(yī)師、病人及其家屬之間缺乏合作與溝通使診斷錯誤的校正如此困難.故選D.
48.C.段落大意題.根據(jù)The committee recommended more information,from electronic health records to test results,be made more easily available to families and caregivers,to help them better learn and understand what is going on with their health.Creating an environment for patients to question a diagnosis or add information about their condition could also help better influence diagnosis.可知,從電子健康記錄的測試結(jié)果有更多的信息,可以更容易地獲得家庭和照顧者,幫助他們更好地學習和了解自己的健康狀況,為患者創(chuàng)造一個環(huán)境問題診斷或添加自己的狀態(tài)信息可以幫助更好的影響診斷.故本段主要提出了減少診斷錯誤的建議.故選C.
49.B.推理判斷題.根據(jù)The medical culture discourages transparency and makes it more difficult to correct them.以及下文內(nèi)容可知,是醫(yī)療文化狀況導(dǎo)致醫(yī)生與病人的溝通少.故選B.
50.B.推理判斷題.閱讀全文,根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知,本文主要講述了診斷錯誤這一現(xiàn)象出現(xiàn)的原因,以及為減少診斷錯誤提出的建議.本文最有可能來自于醫(yī)學雜志.故選B.
點評 本文是一篇社會文化類閱讀,題目涉及多道細節(jié)理解題,推理判斷題,段落大意題.做題時學生應(yīng)仔細閱讀原文,把握文章主要內(nèi)容,聯(lián)系文章上下文內(nèi)容并結(jié)合所給選項含義,從中選出正確答案,一定要做到有理有據(jù),切忌胡亂猜測.