17.Life is full of surprises and you never know how things will turn out.
Sir John Gurdon is a good example of this.As a boy,he was told he was hopeless at science and finished bottom of his class.Now,aged 79,the very same Gurdon shared the 2012Nobel Prize in Medicine with Japanese stem cell(干細胞) researcher Shinya Yamanaka.
Like so many scientists,Gurdon shows us where the power of curiosity and perseverance(堅持不懈) can lead.
At the age of 15in 1948,Gurdon ranked last out of the 250boys at his high school in biology and every other science subject.Gurdon's high school science teacher even said that his dream of becoming a scientist was"quite ridiculous".
In spite of his teacher's criticisms,Gurdon followed his curiosity and kept working hard.He went to the lab early and left later than anyone else.He experienced thousands of failures.
"My own belief is that we will,in the end,understand everything about how cells actually work."Gurdon said.
In 1962,Gurdon took a cell from an adult frog and moved its genetic(基因的) information into an egg cell.The egg cell then grew into a clone(克。 of the adult frog.This technique later helped to create Dolly the sheep in 1996,the first cloned mammal(哺乳動物) in the world.
In 2006,Gurdon's work was developed by Yamanaka to show that a sample (樣本) of a person's skin can be used to create stem cells.Using the technique,doctors can repair a patient's heart after a heart attack.
"Luck favors the prepared mind,"Gurdon told the Nobel Prize Organization."Ninety percent of the time things don't work,but when they do,you have to seize(抓住) the chance."
根據短文內容,選擇最佳答案,并在答題卡上按要求作答.
66.Who won the 2012Nobel Prize in Medicine?C
A.Sir John Gurdon.
B.Shinya Yamanaka.
C.Sir John Gurdon and Shinya Yamanaka
D.Gurdon's science teacher.
67.In what order are the followings mentioned in the passage?B
a.create the sheep Dolly
b.take a cell from an adult frog
c.use a person's skin to create stem cells
d.move a frog's genetic information into an egg cell
e.grow into a clone of a frog
A.b-a-c-d-e
B.b-d-e-a-c
C.b-d-a-c-e
D.b-e-d-a-c
68.What does the underlined word"ridiculous"mean?D
A.無知的
B.無謂的
C.荒廢的
D.荒謬的
69.According to the passage,which statement is true?D
A.As a boy,Gurdon was told he was hopeful.
B.Gurdon ranked first at his high school in biology.
C.It's impossible for the doctors to repair a patient's heart after a heart attack.
D.In spite of his teacher's criticisms,Gurdon kept working hard.
70.What's the main idea of the passage?C
A.Ninety percent of the time things don't work.
B.Stem cells were created.
C.Life is full of surprises.
D.How to know cells actually work.
分析 這篇文章主要介紹一位諾貝爾醫(yī)學獎獲得者John Gurdon,他在小時候受盡質疑,但是憑借著不放棄、勇往直前的精神最終獲得成功.
解答 答案:66.C 細節(jié)理解題.根據第二段最后一句Now,aged 79,the very same Gurdon shared the 2012 Nobel Prize in Medicine with Japanese stem cell researcher Shinya Yamanaka."可知79歲的Gurdon和日本干細胞研究者Shinya Yamanaka共同獲得2012年諾貝爾醫(yī)學獎."故選C.
67.B 細節(jié)排序題.根據倒數第二、三段句子In 1962,Gurdon took a cell from an adult frog and moved its genetic(基因的) information into an egg cell.The egg cell then grew into a clone(克隆) of the adult frog.This technique later helped to create Dolly the sheep in 1996,the first cloned mammal(哺乳動物) in the world.In 2006,Gurdon's work was developed by Yamanaka to show that a sample (樣本) of a person's skin can be used to create stem cells.Using the technique,doctors can repair a patient's heart after a heart attack.1962年,Gurdon從一個成年青蛙細胞并將其遺傳信息移到一個卵細胞,卵細胞就成長為成年青蛙進行克。1996年,后來這項技術幫助克隆羊多莉的誕生,第一個克隆哺乳動物.2006年、格登的工作是由一個人的皮膚樣品可產生干細胞.利用該技術,醫(yī)生可以修復心肌梗死后患者的心臟.可知結合選項,正確順序為b-d-e-a-c.故選B.
68.D 詞義猜測題.根據第三段內容介紹Gurdon的老師對他的質疑和批評,認為他不可能成才.Gurdon's high school science teacher even said that his dream of becoming a scientist was"quite ridiculous".Gerdon的高中科學老師甚至說他成為一名科學家的夢想很…"可知結合選項,應說Gerdon的高中科學老師甚至說他成為一名科學家的夢想很荒謬.故選D.
69.D 細節(jié)判斷題.根據第五段第一句話In spite of his teacher's criticisms,Gurdon followed his curiosity and kept working hard.可知盡管他的老師的批評,Gurdon跟著自己的好奇心努力工作.故選D.
70.C 主旨歸納題.根據整篇文章內容及其第一段句子Life is full of surprises and you never know how things will turn out.生活充滿驚喜,你永遠不知道事情會怎樣發(fā)展.可知文章主要介紹一位諾貝爾醫(yī)學獎獲得者John Gurdon,他在小時候受盡質疑,但是憑借著不放棄、勇往直前的精神最終獲得成功.告訴我們生活充滿驚喜,你永遠不知道事情會怎樣發(fā)展.故選C.
點評 在通讀全文的基礎上,根據全文大意,展開邏輯思維,瞻前顧后,認真觀察選項,仔細推敲,確定最佳答案.