【題目】語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)練:根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成下列句子,每空一詞
【1】邁克已經(jīng)等他朋友兩個(gè)小時(shí)了。
Mike ________ ________ ________ his friend for two hours.
【2】我媽媽已經(jīng)好多年不看書(shū)了。
My mother ________ ________ books for years.
【3】她畢業(yè)后就一直在從事護(hù)士工作。
She ________ ________ as a nurse ________ her graduation.
【4】吉姆買(mǎi)這輛紅色小汽車(chē)兩年了。
Jim ________ ________ the red car for two years.
【5】——你的祖父母真幸福啊!
——是的。他們已經(jīng)結(jié)婚40年了。
—How happy your grandparents are!
—Yes.They ________ ________ ________ for forty years.
【答案】
【1】 has waited for
【2】 hasn't read
【3】 has worked since
【4】 has had
【5】 have been married
【解析】
【1】根據(jù)句意可知,空處所在的句子是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),其構(gòu)成形式為have/has+done;動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)“等待”wait for,wait的過(guò)去分詞waited;主語(yǔ),邁克,第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式,所以助動(dòng)詞用has,故答案為(1). has (2). waited (3). for。
【2】根據(jù)句意可知,空處所在的句子是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定形式,其構(gòu)成形式為haven’t/hasn’t+done;看書(shū),read books;read的過(guò)去分詞read;主語(yǔ)My mother,助動(dòng)詞用hasn’t。故答案為(1). hasn't (2). read。
【3】根據(jù)句意可知,句子為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),其構(gòu)成形式為have/has+done;動(dòng)詞work的過(guò)去分詞worked;主語(yǔ),她,第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式,所以助動(dòng)詞用has;her graduation是時(shí)間點(diǎn),所以介詞用since,故答案為(1). has (2). worked (3). since。
【4】根據(jù)句意可知,句子為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),其構(gòu)成形式為have/has+done;句子的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)for two years是一段時(shí)間,所以動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞have,have的過(guò)去分詞had;主語(yǔ),吉姆,第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式,所以助動(dòng)詞用has故答案為(1). has (2). had。
【5】根據(jù)句意可知,句子為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),其構(gòu)成形式為have/has+done;句子的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)for forty years是一段時(shí)間,所以動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞be married;be的過(guò)去分詞been;主語(yǔ)They,第三人稱(chēng)復(fù)數(shù)形式,所以助動(dòng)詞用have,故答案為(1). have (2). been (3). married。
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法:1.表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果;2.表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始,一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。基本句式是have /has +done,否定形式在助動(dòng)詞have/has后直接加not;一般疑問(wèn)句將助動(dòng)詞have/has提前,F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞:already(用于肯定句)、yet(用于否定句)、just、 before、 still、 ever、 in the past…、 since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)、for+時(shí)間段等。本題考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。
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