分析 所有居住在地球上的生物都需要依靠其他的東西生存.沒有哪個(gè)生命是獨(dú)自一人生存的.大多數(shù)的動(dòng)物都是群居的,甚至于一株植物也要和其他同個(gè)物種靠在一起生長(zhǎng).有些時(shí)候一個(gè)生命體會(huì)殺害另一個(gè),一個(gè)吃掉另一個(gè).每一種生命為了生存都會(huì)捕食同類生物,他們這樣就構(gòu)成了一條食物鏈.有些食物鏈?zhǔn)呛芎?jiǎn)單的,但有些則相反.但是所有的食物鏈都是開始于太陽(yáng),還有如果這些食物鏈有一個(gè)消失了,整條食物鏈都會(huì)破壞掉.
所有的生物都需要陽(yáng)光.但是只有植物可以更好地利用陽(yáng)光.植物被稱為"生產(chǎn)者".他們從陽(yáng)光中,水中還有泥土中的一些東西制造出食物.
食物供給所有其他的生物.動(dòng)物只能通過植物將陽(yáng)光轉(zhuǎn)換成的食物來利用太陽(yáng)的能量.有些動(dòng)物只以植物為食,有些則吃更小的動(dòng)物.肉食動(dòng)物只是間接地吃食物.
那人類呢?我們是很多食物鏈中的一員.我們吃小麥,蔬菜,水果等等.我們還吃肉還喝牛奶.但是人們卻經(jīng)常破壞食物鏈.他們獵殺野生動(dòng)物.還有污染河流,江水,還有海水.當(dāng)這些河流被污染之后,魚類就不能吃了.如果人類吃其中的魚類,他們就會(huì)得怪病.每一種生命形式都與其他的生命息息相關(guān).破壞食物鏈只會(huì)將所有生物都置于危險(xiǎn)的境地.
解答 46.B.細(xì)節(jié)題.根據(jù)All living things on the earth need other living things to live 及Nothing lives alone可知任何事物都不是單獨(dú)存在的,故選B.
47.A.細(xì)節(jié)題.根據(jù)第二段But only plants can use sunlight directly可知是植物,選B.
48.D.細(xì)節(jié)題,根據(jù)第二段They make food from sunlight,water and things in the soil (土壤)and air.他們從陽(yáng)光中,水中還有泥土中的一些東西制造出食物.,故選D.
49.D.細(xì)節(jié)題.從But men often break up the food chains可知是人類,故選D.
50.C.推測(cè)題.文章不單是講動(dòng)物和植物,而說是整個(gè)的生物鏈,A,B只是文章一個(gè)方面,故選C.
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