Question

【題目】 These days when someone says a computer has a bug in it, usually they mean that there's a problem with one of its programs. Maybe your computer has crashed(死機(jī)) _______you were in the middle of a game. But back in the early days of computers, a woman named Grace Hopper was part of the team that _______the very first computer bug.

Hopper was a mathematician. She worked for the navy to help program the new Mark II computer. The Mark II's job was to quickly_______ the math problems that ships and airplanes used to find their way. The Mark II worked by reading_______ from a long strip(長(zhǎng)條)of paper with holes punched in it. The computer _______the patterns of holes into the math problems it was supposed to solve.

One afternoon in 1947 Hopper and her team were running a program. But the computer wasn't giving them the_______results. What could be wrong? They finally _______ up taking the Mark II apart, looking for problems. What did they find?

It was a dead moth (飛蛾)!The moth was blocking some of the_______on the paper strip —no wonder the computer didn't know what to do. Hopper knew that the word "bug" had been used before when there were _______with machines. But this was the________time a computer had ever had one. And it was funny that it was a________bug.

Hopper's team ________a logbook(航海日志)of everything they did. They taped(粘貼)the moth________the page for that day. The logbook, moth and all, is now in the Smithsonian Museum of

American History in Washington, D. C. Grace Hopper worked with________ her whole life and went on to become a rear admiral(海軍少將) in the U.S. Navy. She was the first person to write a word —based computer language. This makes it________for people to tell computers what to do. Many people called her "Amazing Grace".

【1】A.ifB.whenC.becauseD.since

【2】A.createdB.requiredC.suggestedD.discovered

【3】A.makeB.findC.solveD.keep

【4】A.instructionsB.attentionC.directionsD.backgrounds

【5】A.helpedB.translatedC.lockedD.examined

【6】A.wrongB.popularC.interestingD.correct

【7】A.endedB.cutC.gaveD.looked

【8】A.stampsB.holesC.dialoguesD.words

【9】A.conversationsB.connectionsC.problemsD.plans

【10】A.firstB.secondC.nextD.last

【11】A.secretB.realC.activeD.living

【12】A.keptB.notedC.requestedD.lost

【13】A.inB.withC.onD.at

【14】A.computersB.bugsC.mistakesD.languages

【15】A.more difficultB.slowerC.more specialD.easier

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】D

【3】C

【4】A

【5】B

【6】D

【7】A

【8】B

【9】C

【10】A

【11】B

【12】A

【13】C

【14】A

【15】D

【解析】

本文講述了格蕾絲·霍珀。她是發(fā)現(xiàn)第一個(gè)電腦漏洞的人之一�；翮晔且晃粩�(shù)學(xué)家。她被海軍雇傭來(lái)幫助設(shè)計(jì)新的Mark II計(jì)算機(jī)。她的團(tuán)隊(duì)把他們做的每件事都記錄下來(lái)。他們用膠帶把飛蛾粘在紙上。這本日志，包括蛾類(lèi)在內(nèi)，現(xiàn)在存放在華盛頓特區(qū)的史密森尼美國(guó)歷史博物館。格蕾絲·霍珀 一生都在與電腦打交道。她是第一個(gè)編寫(xiě)基于文字的計(jì)算機(jī)語(yǔ)言的人。

【1】句意：也許你的電腦在你玩游戲的時(shí)候死機(jī)了。

if如果；when當(dāng)……時(shí)候；because因?yàn)椋?/span>since自從；根據(jù)“Maybe your computer has crashed(死機(jī)) ___1___you were in the middle of a game.”此處“玩游戲”和“死機(jī)”同時(shí)發(fā)生，所以此處應(yīng)該是當(dāng)……時(shí)，故選B。

【2】句意：一位名叫格蕾絲·霍珀(Grace Hopper)的女性是發(fā)現(xiàn)第一個(gè)電腦漏洞的人之一。

created創(chuàng)造的；required必須的； suggested暗示的；discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；根據(jù)下文“It was a dead moth (飛蛾)!The moth was blocking …Hopper knew that the word "bug" had been used”可知是第一個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)電腦漏洞人之一，故選D。

【3】句意：MarkⅡ的工作是快速解決輪船和飛機(jī)過(guò)去常常找它們方向的數(shù)學(xué)問(wèn)題。

make制作，使；find找到；solve解決；keep保持；根據(jù)后文“ The computer ___5___the patterns of holes into the math problems it was supposed to solve.”可知此處是解決數(shù)學(xué)問(wèn)題，故選C。

【4】句意：MarkⅡ通過(guò)從一個(gè)有洞的長(zhǎng)條紙上閱讀指令工作。

instructions指示，命令；attention注意；directions方向；backgrounds背景；根據(jù)電腦常識(shí)可知，電腦是根據(jù)指令去工作的，故選A。

【5】句意：這臺(tái)計(jì)算機(jī)把這些洞的圖案翻譯成它要解決的數(shù)學(xué)問(wèn)題。

helped幫助，有助于；translated翻譯；locked上鎖；examined檢查；根據(jù)translate sth into sth表示“把……翻譯成”；結(jié)合句子“The computer ___5___the patterns of holes into the math problems it was supposed to solve.”此處應(yīng)該是圖案翻譯成數(shù)學(xué)問(wèn)題，故選B。

【6】句意：但是電腦沒(méi)有給他們正確的結(jié)果。

wrong錯(cuò)誤的；popular流行的；interesting有趣的；correct正確的；根據(jù)“ What could be wrong? They finally ___7___ up taking the Mark II apart, looking for problems. ”可知此處沒(méi)有正確的答案，所以他們拆開(kāi)電腦，故選D。

【7】句意：他們最終把Mark II拆開(kāi)，尋找問(wèn)題。

ended結(jié)束；cut切掉；gave贈(zèng)送；looked看；end up表示“最后”；根據(jù)前文“沒(méi)有正確答案”和后文“尋找問(wèn)題”，可知此處是最后把電腦拆開(kāi)了，故選A。

【8】句意：飛蛾堵住了紙帶上的一些洞。

stamps郵票；holes孔；dialogues對(duì)話；words文字；根據(jù)上文“The computer ___5___the patterns of holes into the math problems it was supposed to solve.”可知此處是堵住了洞，故選B。

【9】句意：霍珀知道，“bug”這個(gè)術(shù)語(yǔ)在機(jī)器出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題之前就已經(jīng)用過(guò)了。

conversations交談；connections聯(lián)系；problems問(wèn)題；plans計(jì)劃；根據(jù)“And it was funny that it was a___11___bug.”和前文說(shuō)到“電腦有問(wèn)題，拆開(kāi)電腦”，所以此處應(yīng)該是機(jī)器出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題，故選C。

【10】句意：但這是第一次在一臺(tái)電腦上發(fā)現(xiàn)這種情況。

first第一；second第二；next然后；last最后；根據(jù)“ Hopper knew that the word "bug" had been used before when there were ___9___with machines ”可知以前是機(jī)器，但是現(xiàn)在是電腦，所以是第一次出現(xiàn)這種情況，故選A。

【11】句意：她覺(jué)得有趣的是，這是一個(gè)真正的錯(cuò)誤。

secret秘密；real真實(shí)；active積極的；living現(xiàn)存的；分析句子“ And it was funny that it was a___11___bug.”及前文“電腦出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題，拆開(kāi)電腦”，所以此處應(yīng)該真正的錯(cuò)誤，故選B。

【12】句意：她的團(tuán)隊(duì)把他們做的每件事都記錄下來(lái)。

kept保持；noted記錄；requested請(qǐng)求；lost丟失；根據(jù)“The logbook, moth and all, is now in the Smithsonian Museum of American History in Washington, D. C.”可知，他們所做的事情被保留了下來(lái)，記在航海日志上，故選A。

【13】句意：他們用膠帶把飛蛾粘在那天的頁(yè)面上。

In……里面；with隨著，和，跟；on在……上面；at在……地方；根據(jù)tape on表示“粘在什么上面”，分析句子“ They taped(粘貼)the moth___13___the page for that day. ”可知此處用on，故選C。

【14】句意：格蕾絲·霍珀一生都在與電腦打交道。

computers計(jì)算機(jī)；bugs錯(cuò)誤；mistakes失誤；languages語(yǔ)言；根據(jù)全文在說(shuō)格蕾絲·霍珀和電腦之間的事情，所以此處應(yīng)該填電腦，故選A。

【15】句意：這使得人們更容易告訴計(jì)算機(jī)該做什么。

more difficult更難；slower更慢；more special更特殊；easier更簡(jiǎn)單；根據(jù)“She was the first person to write a word —based computer language.”她是第一個(gè)編寫(xiě)基于文字的計(jì)算機(jī)語(yǔ)言的人，所以操作電腦更簡(jiǎn)單了，故選D。

做完型填空時(shí)，首先要通讀課文，明白主旨大意，然后再做題。做完型時(shí)要記住“瞻前顧后想結(jié)果”這一原則，根據(jù)上下文以及語(yǔ)境做題，切忌主觀臆斷。另外，平時(shí)還要多多積累詞匯。完型填空�？济~、動(dòng)詞、形容詞和副詞等辨析。做詞義辨析題時(shí)，首先要確認(rèn)四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的含義，然后分析語(yǔ)境和邏輯關(guān)系，確定答案。

本文第八題考查名詞。先確定四個(gè)詞的意思。stamps郵票；holes孔；dialogues對(duì)話；words文字；根據(jù)上文“The computer ___5___the patterns of holes into the math problems it was supposed to solve.”可知此處是堵住了洞，故選B。