Question

【題目】In fact,almost every country in the world is named after one of these four things: a tribe (部落) ，a feature (特征)of the land,a place or an important person.Here are some examples.

Tribe names

England is in good company with the lion's share (about one third) of the world's countries named after an early tribe.

Important people

PHILIPPEINES---Named by Spanish explorer(探險家Ruy Lopez de Villalobos,in honour of King Philip II of Spain in 1542.

Land features

ICELAND---This name is translated as" Land of Ice",perhaps for clear reasons,from the ancient language of Old Norse.

Places

JAPAN- -Nippon,which is the name commonly used by Japanese,means" land of the rising sun" and its place being to the east of China.

【1】The names of most countries of the world are named after

A. important people B. tribe names C. land features D. places

【2】Which country is named after the land feature?

A. Australia. B. England. C. Iceland. D. Japan.

【3】W hat do Japanese commonly name their country?

A. Spain. B. Japan. C. Nippon. D. China.

【4】W here can you probably see this passage?

A. In a storybook. B. In a guidebook.

C. In a medicine book. D. In a book of world place names.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】 B

【2】 C

【3】 C

【4】 D

【解析】

世界上幾乎美國國家的命名都與這些事情有關：一個部落、土地的特征、一個地方或一個重要的人。短文中作者分別給我們舉例進行了說明。

【1】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第二段中England is in good company with the lion's share (about one third) of the world's countries named after an early tribe.可知，世界上有大約三分之一的國家是以部落命名的，由此可知應選B。

【2】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第四段中Land Features ICELAND---This name is translated as" Land of Ice"可知，冰島這個國家是以地貌特征命名的，故應選C。

【3】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文最后一段JAPAN- -Nippon, which is the name commonly used by Japanese, means" land of the rising sun" and its place being to the east of China.可知，日本人通常用Nippon稱呼自己的國家。由此可知應選C。

【4】推理判斷題。這篇短文講述的是世界上的國家是如何命名的，故D選項是正確的，意為“世界地名方面的書”。A選項是“故事書”；B選項是“旅行指南”；C選項是“醫(yī)學書”，這三個選項都不符合文意。

這篇短文給我們講述了世界上大多數(shù)國家的名字都是如何來的，并舉例說明。文章主題明確，結構清晰，有利于我們理解文意。題型設置以細節(jié)理解題居多，考查我們對文章事實信息的理解，答案都可以在原文找到，做題時，應注意根據(jù)題目所問或是搜索一個關鍵詞，定位到原文中，用相關的信息作答。例如第2小題，題目涉及的是Land Features，是在文章第四段中介紹的，根據(jù)這一段中舉的例子ICELAND可知應選C。第4小題是一個推理題，考查文章的來源，這樣的題目應結合文章的大意進行選擇，文章介紹的是世界上大多數(shù)國家的命名，因此D選項符合文意。